Tag: structure and function of cell organelles

Sudan stains have high affinity for fats, lipids, triglycerides and lipoprotein. Hence, when a cell is exposed to Sudan stain, it becomes attached to spherosomes because spherosomes are membrane covered small spherical organelles which synthesize and store fats.

Peroxisomes are present in the photosynthetic mesophyll cells of leaves. They play an important role in photorespiration. They maintain redox balance in cells and play a role in plant immune defence. Thus the correct answer is option C.

• Sphaerosome is a cellular organelle enclosed by a single membrane which is only found in plant cells.
• It helps in storage and synthesis of lipid.
• They are formed from the endoplasmic reticulum.
• All the other cellular organelle nucleus, mitochondria and plastids are enclosed by a double membrane.
• So, the correct answer is 'Spherosomes'.

• Enzymes associated with converting fats to carbohydrates are located in Glyoxysomes.
• Glyoxysomes are a type of peroxisomes found in plants and few filamentous fungi.
  
• They are particularly found in fat storage tissues of germinating seeds (peanuts, soybeans etc.) in plants.
• They contain enzymes (citrate synthase, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase etc.) which are responsible for beta-oxidation of fatty acids,
• It helps in fatty acid oxidation, glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis.
• So, the correct answer is 'Glyoxysomes'.

• Glyoxysomes are a type of peroxisomes found in plants and few filamentous fungi.
  
• They are particularly found in fat storage tissues of germinating seeds (peanuts, soybeans etc.) in plants.
•  They contain enzymes (citrate synthase, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase etc.) which are responsible for beta-oxidation of fatty acids,
• It helps in fatty acid oxidation, glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis.
• So, the correct answer is 'Fats'.

• Spherosomes or oleosomes are small cellular organelles enclosed by a single membrane that is responsible for the storage and synthesis of lipid. 
• They are obtained from the endoplasmic reticulum, they are surrounded by a single phospholipid monolayer and are found in only plant cells.
•  So, the correct answer is 'Involved in photorespiration'.

• Glyoxysome is a type of peroxisome found in plants cells.
• It is mainly found in the cells of fat storing tissues of germinating seeds and is also present in filamentous fungi.
• The growing seed or the seedling utilizes the sugars synthesized from fats until it attains maturity (produce them by photosynthesis after maturity).
• So, the correct answer is 'Glyoxysome'.

• In plant cells, peroxisomes are associated with photorespiration.
  
• Peroxisomes (microbody) are small organelle which contains reducing and oxidising enzyme catalase.
  
• It helps in the breakdown of long chain fatty acids through beta-oxidation and converts them into to medium chain fatty acids, which are subsequently broken down to carbon dioxide and water in the mitochondria (photorespiration).
• So, the correct answer is 'Photorespiration'.