Tag: earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system

Questions Related to earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system

The average lifespan of an earthworm is

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. 13-15 years

  2. 28-30 years

  3. 6-9 years

  4. 24-28 years

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The earthworm from the day it emerges from the cocoon to the day it dies, the life expectancy can vary vwdely depending on the type of species. It has an average life span between six to nine years.

So, the correct answer is '6-9 years'.

In earthworm, neurons are

zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Sensory

  2. Motor

  3. Mixed

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The neurons in the earthworm are myelinated so they are covered with insulating fats. The neurons in earthworm are sensory in nature as well as motor and adjuster or associated neurons. Sensory carries the information from the brain while the motor carries the impulse back to the effector organs.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Dorsal pores of earthworm are meant for passage of

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Coelomic fluid

  2. Blood

  3. Waste materials

  4. Gametes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Dorsal pores of Earthworm are meant for passage of coelomic fluid which is milky in color and consists of plasma and four types of nucleated corpuscles, namely, phagocytes, nucleated cells, monocytes, and chloragogen cells. When the worm burrows in soil, its posterior muscles contract, forcing the coelomic fluid towards the anterior end.  The anterior end grips the substratum and setae act as anchors on the soil and then the earthworm moves.

So the correct answer is "Coelomic fluid".

Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described ? 

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Fragmentation - Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

  2. Humification - Leads to the accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

  3. Catabolism - Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition

  4. Leeching - Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

1. Detritivores (e.g., earthworm) break down detritus into smaller particles through the process of fragmentation.

2. Humification leads to accumulation of a dark coloured amorphous substance called humus that is highly resistant to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate.
3. Catabolism is the degradation of detritus into
simpler inorganic substances in aerobic conditions.
4. By the process of leaching, water-soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts.
So, the correct option is 'Fragmentation - Carried out by organisms such as earthworm'.

The clitellum of Pheretima is present in segments 

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. 12,13 and 14

  2. 13, 14 and 15

  3. 14, 15 and 16

  4. 15, 16 and 17

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • The clitellum is a thickened glandular and non-segmented section of the body wall located in 14, 15 and 16 segment of the earthworm that secretes a viscid sac in which the eggs are deposited.
  • The clitellum is part of the reproductive system of earthworm. It also secretes a viscous fluid to form a cocoon for it's eggs. In earthworms the clitellum can only be seen when the worm is sexually mature.
So, the correct option is '14, 15 and 16'.

In earthworm skeleton like function is performed by _______________.

zoology environmental science structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Coelomic fluid

  2. Alimentary canal filled with food

  3. Typhlosole

  4. Clitellum

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Correct Option: A

The segment of earthworm in which mouth is situated is called

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Prosoma

  2. Prostomium

  3. Peristomium

  4. Prosegment

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Earthworm lack distinct head. The first segment at the anterior end of the body is called peristomium or buccal segment which bears crescentic mouth.
  • Peristomium bears a fleshly lobe-like structure called prostomium which hangs over the mouth ventrally. 
So, the correct option is 'Peristomium'.

Choose the wrongly matched pair regarding the position of reproductive structures in earthworm.

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Testes - 10$^{th}$ and 11$^{th}$ segments

  2. Spermathecae - 6$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ segments

  3. Male genital pore - 9$^{th}$ segment

  4. Ovaries - Inter segmental septum of 12$^{th}$ and 13$^{th}$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

1. Testes are in two pairs, white and lobed, located in 10th and 11th segment.

2. Spermathecae are in 4 pairs in each of 6$^{th}$, 7$^{th}$, 8$^{th}$, 9$^{th}$ segment and they store spermatozoa during copulation.
3. Male genital pore is found in one pair located in 18$^{th}$ segment. Sperm produced in the testes is pass out through male genital pore.
4. A pair of small, whitish and lobulated ovaries are located in inter segmental septum of 12$^{th}$ and 13$^{th}$ segments, on either side of ventral nerve cord.
So, the correct option is 'Male genital pore - 9$^{th}$ segment'.

The structure in earthworm which serves as a wedge to force open cracks in the soil is 

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Peristomium

  2. Setae

  3. Typhlosole

  4. Prostomium

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

1. The first segment of the earthworm body is called peristomium or buccal segment which bears crescentic mouth. It bears a fleshly lobe-like structure called prostomium which hangs over the mouth ventrally. It is called the boring part as it bores in soil.

2. Setae are locomotory organs of earthworm.
3. Typhlosole enhances the intestinal absorption area in earthworms.
So, the correct option is 'Prostomium'.

In earthworms setae are present in all segments except 

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. First and the last segments

  2. First segment

  3. Clitellum and last segments

  4. First clitellum and last segments

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • Setae are the locomotory organ of earthworm.
  • Each segment except first (peristomium), last (pygidium) and clitellum bears setae.
  • The number of setae are 80-120 per segments.
So, the correct option is 'First, clitellum and last segments'.