Tag: theories of evolution

Questions Related to theories of evolution

Successful adaptation simply means

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. an increase in fitness

  2. moving to a new place

  3. producing offspring

  4. evolving new characteristics

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Adaptation means that the species have built up some changes in them so as to fit into the environmental changes for the living it does not mean moving to some other place rather it means being in the same place and fighting against the changes and surviving , producing offspring is the  next step after adaptation to transfer the genes to the next generation 
So, the correct answer is 'an increase in fitness'

In formulating the theory of evolution by natural selection, Charles Darwin was greatly influenced by

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. environmental factors

  2. mutations

  3. Maithus idea on population control

  4. all of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Charles Darwin was influenced by many writers, scholars, philosophers, and friends. One of his influences was Thomas Robert Malthus, a late-eighteenth century economist. Malthus wrote "Essay on the Principle of Population" (1798), which Darwin read and was inspired by. The central theme of Malthus' work was that population growth would always overpower food supply growth, creating perpetual states of hunger, disease, and struggle. The natural, ever-present struggle for survival caught the attention of Darwin, and he extended Malthus' principle to the evolutionary scheme.

So, the correct answer is 'Maithus idea on population control'.

The cluster of species formed on Galapagos islands are clear example of all, except

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Species formation arising by micro-evolutionary divergence from an ancestral form occupying different habitats, of microevolution leading to macro-evolution

  2. Founder's effect

  3. Adaptive radiation

  4. Sympatric speciation

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Founder's effect is the loss of genetic variation when a new colony is formed by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. The finches of Galapagos Island are a perfect example of the founder effect.
The process, whereby species evolve rapidly to exploit empty ecospace, is known as adaptive radiation. There are now at least 13 species of finches on the Galapagos Islands, each filling a different niche on different islands and this is a good example of adaptive radiation.
Sympatric speciation occurs when there are no physical barriers preventing any members of a species from mating with another, and all members are in close proximity to one another which is an example of Galapagos island.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Species formation arising by micro-evolutionary divergence from an ancestral form occupying different habitats, of microevolution leading to macro-evolution'.

Darwin said that all the organisms reproduce ...........

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. With mutations 

  2. Uprightly

  3. Prolifically

  4. Independently

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Darwin concluded that organisms reproduce prolifically and in each generation the number of individual increases that can survive. The individuals show some phenotypic variations, and these variations are heritable. Darwin also suggested that the process of evolution is based on natural selection.

Darwinian theory of evolution-

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Branching descent and natural selection are two axillary concepts of this theory.

  2. Natural selection is based on some factual observations.

  3. Was influenced by work of Alfred Wallace on populations.

  4. Both A and C

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Who discovered biological evolution?

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. John Darwin

  2. Charles Darwin

  3. Cicero

  4. Al Khwarizmi

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Correct Option: B

According to Darwin, diversity is found in Australian marsupials is due to:

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Convergent evolution.

  2. Divergent evolution.

  3. Adaptive radiation.

  4. Co - evolution.

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Which types of birds were absent on Galapagos islands when they were surveyed by Darwin?

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Warblers and wood peckers

  2. Carnivores

  3. Cactus feeding

  4. Seed eating

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

On his visit to the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin found a few types of finches that fluctuated from island to island, which helped him to build up his hypothesis of characteristic selection. Darwin's finches are a traditional case of a versatile radiation. Their regular precursor touched base on the Galapagos around two million years prior. Amid the time that has passed Darwin's finches have advanced into 15 perceived species contrasting in body measure, snout shape, melody and sustaining conduct.

So, the correct option is 'Warblers and woodpeckers'.

Plants and animals  of Galapogoe islands resemble plants and animals of main land in

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. North Africa

  2. North America

  3. South Africa

  4. South America

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A Galápagos tortoise most nearly looks like South American tortoises. Disengaged on these remote islands, the Galápagos tortoise has developed unmistakable structures. 
A comparative likeness to territory feathered creatures can be found in an island finch Darwin never observed alone finch animal types living on Cocos Island, a modest, remote volcanic island found 630 kilometres toward the upper east of the Galápagos. This finch does not take after the finches of Europe, Australia, Africa, or North America. Rather, it looks like the finches of Costa Rica, 500 kilometres toward the east.
So, the correct option is 'South America'.

Which one cannot be explained by Darwinism?

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Over-specialisation

  2. Persistance of vestigal organs

  3. Occurrence of unchanged forms

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The key aspects of the theory of natural selection are rapid increase in population, struggle for existence resulting from limited food and space, Natural selection or survival of the fittest and elimination of the unfit and origin of new species. Darwinism fails to attribute the reasons for the existence of vestigial organs like vermiform appendix in human beings. These organs should have been eliminated during the progression of evolution because of its no use for long time. Another big limitation is the difference between heritable and non-heritable variations. Theory of natural selection fails to explain the origin of variation. Further, Darwin believed evolution is due to gradual variations. But in many instances, the occurrence of such variations are not of use for the struggle of existence. For example, the eye in the case of animals is functional only in a fully formed condition and all the features of the eye according to Darwin could not have come into existence at one step. It should have been by the collection of several mutations. But then each change by itself is of no advantage. Thus, the correct answer is 'All of the above.'