Tag: minerals and vitamins

Questions Related to minerals and vitamins

Which of the following is an example of an ester?

biology health and hygiene minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Fats

  2. Oils

  3. Starch

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lipids (fats and oils) are compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen where ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is less than that of the water. Lipids are esters of fatty acids and alcohol which form emulsion with water but are soluble in organic solvents. They are esters of three molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of trihydric alcohol glycerol, e.g., ghee, butter, cholesterol, carotene, eucalyptus oil. 

A bacterial population contains a mixture of wild type and leucine auxotrophs. From this mixture, the leucine auxotrophs can be enriched by growing the mixture in minimal medium supplemented with 

biology health and hygiene minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. leucine

  2. penicillin

  3. leucine and penicillin

  4. chloramphenicol

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Correct Option: A

Our hair and nails are composed of _________.

biology health and hygiene minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Proteins

  3. Vitamins

  4. Fat

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Hair and nails are made up of dead squamous cells which are called as keratinocytes. It consists of a protein known as keratin and is present in hair, nails and skin. It helps in protection as composed of intact cells.
So, the correct answer is 'Proteins'.

When breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories ; the infants below the age of one year are likely to suffer from

biology nutrition minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Marasmus

  2. Rickets

  3. KwashiorKor

  4. Pellagra

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following statement is incorrect related to digestion?

biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules.

  2. It is a anabolic process.

  3. Digestion is both voluntary and involuntary process.

  4. None of these.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A) Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules.

B) It is a catabolic process as it breaks down the molecule into a simple form.
C) It is voluntary until swallowing as food is swallowed the whole process becomes involuntary.

So the correct option is '(B) It is an anabolic process.
                                         

The final products of digestion should be

biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Fat soluble and should be able to pass through cell walls.

  2. Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell walls.

  3. Fat soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes.

  4. Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  •  Digestion is catabolic process in the digestive tract where ingested food is converted into simpler, soluble and diffusible substances that can be assimilated by the body and absorbed into the blood from the intestinal walls.
  • The end product should be water soluble as it has to combine with the plasma of blood.
  • Absorption at intestinal walls is through cell membranes of intestinal cells and walls of blood capillaries.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes'.

Which one is wrong combination?

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. $N _2$-Amino acid

  2. Fe-cytochrome

  3. Na-Protein

  4. Mg-Chlorophyll

  5. P-DNA

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Na- Protein is wrong combination as Nitrogen (N) is needed for the protein formation. Nitrogen is the main constituent of the amino acid that helps in the formation of protein

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following element is not essential for plants?

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Iron

  2. Zinc

  3. Potassium

  4. Iodine

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plants may absorb a number of minerals that are not essential for their growth. Iodine is a non essential mineral element. Iron, zinc and potassium are essential mineral elements.

Nutrition involving engulfment` 'of the whole or part of a plant or an animal in solid or in liquid state is known

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Holozoic

  2. Saprozoic

  3. Parasitic

  4. Symbiotic

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Correct Option: A

Which of the group of elements is not essential for a normal plant?

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. K, Ca, Mg

  2. Fe, Zn, Mn, B

  3. Pb, I, Na

  4. Mg, Fe, Mo

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The plant ash reveals the presence of 40 elements but all are not essential for plant nutrition, only a few are essential for growth and development of plants. These are called as the essential elements. The essential elements may be grouped as major elements or macronutrients and trace elements or micronutrients, based on their requirement by plants. 

Major elements or macronutrients are required in large amounts and form the plant constituents. These include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. These elements form an integral part of complex organic molecules. Some of these elements help in the functioning of enzyme systems. The sources of macronutrients are generally the soil or the atmosphere. 
Trace elements or micronutrients are elements, like iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum. They are required for plants only in very small amounts but these are indispensable for the normal growth and development of plants. 
Lead, Iodine and sodium are generally not required by plants and are non essential elements for plant mineral nutrition.