Tag: autonomic nervous system

Questions Related to autonomic nervous system

One of the examples of the action of the autonomous nervous system is

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Knee-jerk response

  2. Pupillary reflex

  3. Swallowing of food

  4. Peristalsis of the intestines

  5. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Esophageal peristalsis and sphincter function are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Swallowing is a complex mechanism using both skeletal muscle (tongue) and smooth muscles of the pharynx and esophagus. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) coordinates this process in the pharyngeal and esophageal phases. Knee jerk is a sudden kicking of the lower leg after the tendon below knee cap has been tapped. The pupillary reflex is also controlled by autonomic nervous system.

Acetylcholine is the secretion of

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Pituitary gland

  2. Sympathetic nervous system

  3. Parasympathetic nervous system

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter that is released by the presynaptic nerve fibres into the synaptic cleft which is received by the receptors on the post-synaptic nerves. It allows the transfer of the information from the presynaptic neuron to the post-synaptic neurons. The preganglionic and the post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerves are cholinergic because they secrete the acetylcholine. The preganglionic nerve fibres of the sympathetic nervous system are also cholinergic.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Parasympathetic nervous system'

Vagus nerve is composed mainly of parasympathetic fibres. The preganlionic fibres form a net work in the walls of the organs. This network is known as

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Choroid plexus

  2. Nervous plexus

  3. Auerbach plexus

  4. Brachial plexus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Auerbach plexus is the interwoven network of the vagus nerve in the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscles of the muscularis layer of the visceral organs. 

A. The choroid plexus is present in the ventricles of the brain.
B. Nervous plexus is the bundle of the neurons.
C. Auerbach plexus is present in the muscularis of the visceral organs.
D. Brachial plexus is present in the spinal cord formed by four lower cervical spinal nerves and the first thoracic spinal nerve.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Auerbach plexus'

The self governing nervous system is known as

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Central nervous system

  2. Peripheral nervous system

  3. Autonomic nervous system

  4. Sympathetic nervous system

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The peripheral nervous system is that connects the body organs with brain and the spinal cord is divided into two parts:

  1. Somatic nervous system: The neurons of this system innervate those muscles that are controlled by the voluntary consciousness for example, muscles of limbs, neck, tongue etc.
  2. Autonomic nervous system: The neurons of this system innervates the visceral organs and their effects are not controlled by the conscious brain. They function involuntarily. So, these are the self-governing part of the nervous system. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system are classified under the autonomic nervous system.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Autonomic nervous system'

A person entering an empty room suddenly finds a snake right in front on opening the door. Which one of the following is likely to happen in his neuro-hormonal control system?

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal medulla

  2. Neurotransmitters diffuse rapidly across the cleft and transmit a nerve impulse

  3. Hypothalamus activates the parasympathetic division of brain

  4. Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal cortex.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by the adrenal medulla and nervous system respectively. They are the flight/fight hormones that are released when the body is under extreme stress. They are also called as emergency hormone as it initiates quick reaction which makes the individual to think and respond quickly to the stress. The hormone increases metabolic rate. Dilation of blood vessels going to heart and the brain occurs. So, the correct answer is option A.

Comparing the somatic nervous system with the autonomic nervous system, which of the following statement is true?

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Autonomic nervous system produces involuntary movement in skeletal muscle

  2. Somatic nervous system produces voluntary movement in glands and smooth muscle

  3. Autonomic nervous system produces voluntary movement in smooth muscle and glands

  4. Autonomic nervous system produces involuntary movement in smooth muscle, viscera and glands

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system that supplies that internal organs, including the blood vessels, stomach, intestine, liver, kidneys, and digestive glands.

So, the correct option is 'Autonomic nervous system produces involuntary movement in smooth muscle, viscera and glands'.

Premotor area of brain is the highest centre of

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Thinking

  2. Autonomous nervous system

  3. Movements of involuntary muscles

  4. Both B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The premotor area occurs in the frontal lobe of the cerebrum. It is made up of the neurons that form the part of the autonomous nervous system and movements of the involuntary muscles like movements of pharynx and larynx. The prefrontal cortex of the frontal lobe is concerned with thinking and reasoning.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'

Parasympathetic nervous system is also termed as

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Visceral

  2. Thoracico-lumbar

  3. Cranio-sacral

  4. Mesenteric

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The parasympathetic nervous system is a division of the autonomic nervous system. The preganglionic nerve fibres of this system arise from the brain which includes cranial nerves III, VII, IX and X, that is, the oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves, as well as from the sacral region of the spinal cord, that is, ramus communicans 2, 3 and 4. The sympathetic nervous system is called the thoracico-lumbar.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Cranio-sacral'

Which of the following is not true concerning the autonomic nervous system?

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. Sympathetic responses include fight-or-flight responses

  2. Sympathetic responses are generally widespread throughout the body

  3. It includes sensory pre- and postganglionic fibres

  4. Autonomic division is entirely motor

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system that supplies internal organs, including the blood vessels, stomach, intestine, liver, kidneys, and digestive glands.

So, the correct option is 'It includes sensory pre- and postganglionic fibres'.

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
All visceral effectors are innervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system for coordinating various activities of the body This concept is known is

biology nervous system of man divisions of nervous system autonomic nervous system the human brain

  1. sensory/motor regulation

  2. dual innervation

  3. autonomic summation

  4. neurotransmitter trade-off

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

There is a dual innervation of most organs of the body by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS. The connection of both systems with the hypothalamus and higher brain areas have been omitted.

So, the correct option is 'dual innervation'.