Tag: extreme adaptations

Questions Related to extreme adaptations

Which is the trait that enabled the plants for the first time to colonise themselves on dry land?

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Lignified cell wall

  2. Vascular tissue

  3. Cuticle

  4. Stomata

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The cuticle is a waxy coating over the surface of leaves and plants. It forms a waterproof coating over the surface of leaves and plants. It prevents water loss from plants and also prevents the plants from getting desiccated. It also prevents the intake of gases into the plants. 

So, option C "Cuticle" is the correct answer.

In cacti, the succulence is mostly in 

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Stem

  2. Leaves

  3. Roots

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In cacti, the succulence is mostly in the stems because the leaves of the cacti are reduced to thrones to minimize the surface areas and therefor the water evaporation through them. the cacti have a shallow widespread network of roots that enables them to absorb water, therefore the roots are not succulent. the cacti have thick stems that store maximum amount of water in the entire plant. So, the correct answer is 'Stem'.

Phreatophytes are xerophytes with roots

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Spread along the soil surface

  2. Well spread in the soil

  3. Very deep reaching ground water fringe

  4. Very deep but well above ground water

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A phreatophyte is a deep-rooted plant that obtains a significant portion of the water that it needs from the phreatic zone (zone of saturation) or the capillary fringe above the phreatic zone. Phreatophytes are plants that are supplied with surface water and often have their roots constantly in touch with moisture. These plants have very deep roots that are able to reach the water table. So the correct answer is ' Very deep reaching ground water fringe'. 

Drought endurers are

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Succulent xerophytes

  2. Perennial xerophytes

  3. Annual xerophytes

  4. Both B and C

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Correct Option: B

In xerophytic leaf, the stomata are situated 

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. On both surface

  2. On upper surface

  3. On lower surface

  4. Absend from both surfaces

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The xerophytic plants are the plants present in the desert and other dry environments. The rate of transpiration is high in xerophytic plants due to high temperatures. In order to minimize the rate of transpiration, they have sunken stomata.

Thus, the correct answer is option (C),

Ephemeral xerophytes grow during 

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Winter

  2. Spring

  3. Rainy season

  4. All the seasons

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Correct Option: C

Lamina is reduced in

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Xerophytes

  2. Mesophytes

  3. Hydrophytes

  4. Climbers

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lamina is reduced in xerophytic plants. In xerophytes, the petiole is modified into expanded green structure which carries out photosynthesis in case of reduced lamina.  For example, in Australian acacia.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Xerophytes.'

Which one is a exclusive xerophytic adaptation?

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Absence of stomata

  2. Long tap root system

  3. Stipular leaves

  4. Spines

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Correct Option: B

A physiological xerophyte is

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Salicornia

  2. Euphorbia

  3. Salvia

  4. Agave

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Which of the following is not a character of xerophytes?

botany ecological adaptations, succession and ecological services extreme adaptations adapting to a habit adaptive features aquatic plant adaptations pollination through water

  1. Thick cuticle

  2. Well developed mechanical tissue

  3. Well developed conducting tissues

  4. Spongy parenchyma

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Xerophytes are the plants that survive in an environment having little supply of water or moisture. To survive with limited water supply they have anatomical modifications such as-

1) The epidermis is covered with thick cuticle to prevent water loss by transpiration.
2) Waxy coating is present on leaves and stem to prevent transpiration losses and stomata are generally confined on the lower surface of the epidermis of leaves.
3) Mechanical and vascular tissues are well developed.
4) The xerophytes have abundant palisade parenchyma and limited spongy parenchyma.
So, the correct answer is 'Spongy parenchyma'.