Tag: structure of the earth

The Sima layer is formed of silica and magnesium. This layer is below top layer and made up of basalt rock which is heavier than the topmost layer. The density of the layer varies from 3.1 to 5.00. the average thickness of this layer is 100 to 2900 km.

• The lithosphere is the outer solid shell of the Earth and consists of all the mountains, rocks, stones, top soil and sand found on the planet.
• The lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost layer of the mantle. It also includes all the rocks under the sea and under the surface of the Earth.

Most of the continents are formed of SiAl layer, i.e., Silica and Aluminium. The upper layer of the Earth's crust is called lithosphere and has 2 parts- upper part forms continents SiAl has a density of 2.7. The lower part is denser and is called SiMa (Silica, Iron, Magnesium).

The topmost layer of the earth is solid, the thinnest, and the lightest and is known as the lithosphere. The thickness of the lithosphere of about 100 km. It is mostly composed of granite. The lithosphere has two layers - the outer layer and the inner layer.

Sial refers to the earth’s crusts upper layer, it is made up of rocks abundant in silicate and aluminium-based minerals. The word Sial itself is an amalgam of the first two letters of aluminium and silica, Sial runs anywhere from 5-70KM deep from the surface.

The layer just below the crust is called the mantle. This layer is the layer of basalt rock which is heavier than the topmost layer. The density of this layer varies from 3.1 to 5.00. The average thickness of this layer is 100 to 2900 km. Silica and magnesium elements predominate and it is popularly known as SIMA.

The average thickness of the crust is 35 km below continents, 6 km below oceans (plus 5 km of sea water). 

The equatorial region is hot and light and polar regions are cold and heavy. So warm ocean current originate near the equator and flow towards the polar region.

The outer most or top most layer of the earth is termed as crust. The crust of the earth is consist of sedimentary and granite rocks. The average density of crust is 2.8 to 3. The outer layer of the earth mainly found under continent. 

The Earth can be divided into four main layers: the solid crust on the outside, the mantle, the outer core and the inner core. Out of them, the crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth, amounting for less than 1% of our planet's volume.