Tag: catalysis

Questions Related to catalysis

Select the incorrect statement(s).

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. Enzyme catalysed reactions are usually hydrolytic in nature

  2. Enzyme catalysed reactions takes place with evolutions of gases

  3. The rate of reaction does not depend upon enzyme concentration

  4. Enzymes are colloidal in nature

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The rate of enzyme catalysed reaction depends upon enzyme concentration.

Which of the following is true?

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. Enzymes are non - proteinaceous nitrogen containing compounds.

  2. Amylase convert starch into amylose.

  3. Biocatalysts, catalyse the reaction occurring in living beings.

  4. Enzymes are not found in plants.

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Correct Option: A

Enzyme activity is highest in the temperature range of:

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. $0-15^o$C

  2. $15-25^o$C

  3. $25-45^o$C

  4. remain same in all

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Correct Option: C

In conversion of sucrose to glucose, the enzyme is: 

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. zymase

  2. lipase

  3. invertase

  4. diastase

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Enzyme Invertase is used for the conversion of Sucrose to Glucose.

It helps in dissociation of sucrose to glucose and fructose.

Incorrect statement about a catalyst is?

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. It does not alter Gibbs energy, $\Delta G$ of a reaction

  2. it catalyses both spontaneous and non-spontaneous reactions

  3. A small amount of catalyst can catalyse a large amount of reaction

  4. It does not affect equilibrium constant of a reaction

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Correct Option: A

How do enzymes increase the rate of reaction?

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. By lowering activation energy

  2. By increasing activation energy

  3. By changing equilibrium constant

  4. By forming enzyme substrate complex

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A Catalyst is a substance which acclerates the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any change in its chemical composition or massduring the reaction. A catalyst acclerates the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy.
Enzyme Catalysis - These are catalysts in the living system. Enzymes are substances which by their their presence, alter the rate of anybiological event. These are mainly proteins, and enzyme action is structure specific.

Enzyme catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction by the active site of a protein. The protein catalyst (enzyme) may be part of a multi-subunit complex, and/or may transiently or permanently associate with a Cofactor (e.g. adenosine triphosphate). Catalysis of biochemical reactions in the cell is vital due to the very low reaction rates of the uncatalysed reactions. A key driver of protein evolution is the optimization of such catalytic activities via protein dynamics.


Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. These are highly selective catalysts greatly accelerating both the rate and specificity of metabolic reactions. All enzymes are insoluble since they exist in the colloidal state. Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea, forming ammonia and carbon dioxide.
They decrease activation energy by providing alternate pathway for process and hence, increase the rate of reaction.

The enzyme ptyalin used for digestion of food is present in:

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. saliva

  2. blood

  3. intestine

  4. adrenal gland

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. These are highly selective catalysts greatly accelerating both the rate and specificity of metabolic reactions. All enzymes are insoluble since they exist in the colloidal state. Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea, forming ammonia and carbon dioxide.
They decrease the activation energy by providing alternate pathway (enzyme reacts with the substrate to form an intermediate ES complex, which would be impossible in the absence of the enzyme) for the process.
Enzyme + Substrate → Complex → Product + Enzyme
Saliva is a watery substance located in the mouths of animals, secreted by the salivary glands. Human saliva is $99.5\%$ water, while the other $0.5\%$ consists of electrolytes, mucus, glycoproteins, enzymes and antibacterial compounds.
Digestive functions of saliva include moistening food and helping to create a food bolus. This lubricative function of saliva allows the food bolus to be passed easily from the mouth into the esophagus. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, also called ptyalin, which is capable of breaking down starch into simpler sugars such as maltose and dextrin that can be further broken down in the small intestine. Only about $30\%$ starch digestion takes place in the mouth cavity.

Which statement about enzymes is not correct?

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. Enzymes are in colloidal state.

  2. Enzymes are catalysts.

  3. Enzymes can catalyse any reaction.

  4. Urease is an enzymes.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Enzymes are proteins and are giant molecules making them colloidal particles. They are shape selective and catalyzes a specific reaction in which they are suitable.  But they cannot catalyze any reaction.

Urease is an enzyme and catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide.

Bacterial infection on eye surface is protected by the enzyme :

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. urease

  2. carbonic anhydrase

  3. lysozyme

  4. xymase

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Enzyme Catalysis - These are catalysts in the living system. Enzymes are substances which by their their presence, alter the rate of anybiological event. These are mainly proteins, and enzyme action is structure specific.
Enzyme catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction by the active site of a protein. The protein catalyst (enzyme) may be part of a multi-subunit complex, and/or may transiently or permanently associate with a Cofactor (e.g. adenosine triphosphate). 
Catalysis of biochemical reactions in the cell is vital due to the very low reaction rates of the uncatalysed reactions. A key driver of protein evolution is the optimization of such catalytic activities via protein dynamics.
They decrease activation energy by providing alternate pathway (enzyme reacts with the substrate to form an intermediate ES complex, which would be impossible in the absence of the enzyme) for the process.

Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea forming ammonia and carbon dioxide.
Conjunctiva (membrane covering the eye) is protected by lysozyme and defensin enzymes. However, when these protective barriers fall, conjunctivitis results.

Identify the correct statement regarding enzymes.

chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

  1. Enzymes are specific biological catalyst that possess well defined active state.

  2. Enzymes are normally heterogeneous catalyst that are very specific in their action.

  3. Enzymes are specific biological that cannot be poisoned.

  4. Enzymes are specific biological catalyst that can normally function at very high temperature $ ( T \simeq 1000 K).$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Enzyme Catalysis - These are catalysts in the living system. Enzymes are substances which by their their presence, alter the rate of anybiological event. These are mainly proteins, and enzyme action is structure specific.
Enzyme catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction by the active site of a protein. The protein catalyst (enzyme) may be part of a multi-subunit complex, and/or may transiently or permanently associate with a Cofactor (e.g. adenosine triphosphate). 
Catalysis of biochemical reactions in the cell is vital due to the very low reaction rates of the uncatalysed reactions. A key driver of protein evolution is the optimization of such catalytic activities via protein dynamics.
They decrease activation energy by providing alternate pathway (enzyme reacts with the substrate to form an intermediate ES complex, which would be impossible in the absence of the enzyme) for the process.