Tag: classification of vertebrata

Questions Related to classification of vertebrata

Kidney of fish is of type ......................

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Pronephros

  2. Opisthonephros

  3. Metanephros

  4. Nephridia

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cyclostomes are the organisms which belong to the group of chordates. These are the jawless fishes. The group also includes the lampreys and hagfishes. They have rounded mouths that lack jaws. The water keeps on cycling through the open mouth which cannot be closed due to lack of jaws. 

The opisthonephros is the kidney present in adults of these organisms. It is formed from the extended mesonephros along with the tubules from the posterior nephric ridge. 
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Lamprey (Petromyzon) is included in 

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Gnathostomata.

  2. Cyclostomata.

  3. Chondrichthyes.

  4. Osteichthyes.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Lampreys are one of the jawless fishes of the order Petromyzontiformes. Petromyzon is the scientific name of the sea lamprey. Chordates are characterized by the presence of notochord. Cyclostomata is a type of Chordate, that comprises the living jawless fishes, like the lampreys and hagfishes. It is long and slender snake-like organism. This organism is not called as the true fish. The organism lacks the paired fins. The organism has well developed dorsal and ventral fin folds. These fin folds help in swimming and locomotion. The adult stage is characterized by a toothed, funnel-like sucking mouth.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

True fish possess gills and fins. Which one of the following is not a true fish?

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Carassius

  2. Hythalamincthyes

  3. Hippocampus

  4. Lepisma

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Carassius is a genus in the ray-finned fish family Cyprinidae.
Hippocampus is the name of marine fishes in the genus Hippocampus.
While Lepisma is a genus of primitive insects.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following is a jawless fish?

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Hippocampus

  2. Torpedo

  3. Petromyzon

  4. Mystus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The hippocampus is the name of marine fishes.
Torpedo is the group of flattened cartilaginous fishes, also called an electric ray.
Mystus is a genus of small to medium-sized bagrid catfishes.
Petromyzon is the 'sea lamprey', which is parasitic lamprey. It is a 'jawless' fish.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Which strucutres is seen cyclostomes?

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Pineal eye

  2. Jaws

  3. Pectoral fin

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In cyclostomes, the pineal gland is a photoreceptor. The endocrine nature of the gland's function has not been definitely established. As it's activity diminishes with age, the gland turns into rudimentary organ containing mineral deposits.

So, the correct answer is option A.

The single median nostril is characteristic of 

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Birds

  2. Cyclostomes

  3. Bony fishes

  4. Protochordates

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cyclostomes are animals with a circular mouth, eel-shaped body with jaw less mouth, single median nostril and no paired fins. So, the correct answer is option B.

Petromyzon and Myxine are not regarded as true fishes, because

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. They lack unpaired fins

  2. They have circular mouth

  3. In them operculum is absent

  4. There is absence of paired fins and jaws

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Myxine is a genus of hagfish, which are eel-shaped, slime-producing marine fish. 
Petromyzon is a parasitic lamprey found in the northern Atlantic ocean along shores of Antartica and North America, in the western Mediterranean sea and in the shores of the Great lakes. It is brown, gray, or black on its back and white or gray on the underside and can grow up to 90 cm long. 

These animals are the only living representatives of ancient creatures. They also lack jaws.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Ammocoete larva belongs to 

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Petromyzon

  2. Myxine

  3. Amphioxus

  4. Balanoglossus

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ammocoete larva is the larval stage of the primitive jawless fish, called as the lamprey or Petromyzon. Adult lampreys spawn in rivers and then die. The young larvae, ammocoetes, spend several years in the rivers, where they live burrowed in fine sediment, filter feeding on detritus and microorganisms. Then, ammocoetes undergo a metamorphosis lasting several months. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Match the name of the animal (Column I), with one characteristics (Column II), and the phylum/class (column III) to which it belongs :

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Column I : Petromyzon, Column II : ectoparasite, Column III : Cyclostomata

  2. Column I : Ichthyophis, Column II : terrestrial, Column III : Reptilia

  3. Column I : Limulus, Column II : body covered by chitinous exoskeleton, Column III : Pisces

  4. Column I : Adamsia, Column II : radially symmetrical, Column III : Porifera

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
L imulus belongs to phylum Arthropoda. Adamsia belongs to phylum Coelenterata. Petromyzon (lamprey) (cyclostomata) is a sanguivorous ectoparasite of larger fishes. Ichthyophis is a limbless amphibian and belongs to class Amphibia.

So, the correct answer is 'A'.

Which of the following classes doesn't belong to the superclass Agnatha?

biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

  1. Ostracoderm

  2. Cyclostomata

  3. Placodermi

  4. Chondrictheyes

Show answer
Correct Option: C,D
Explanation:
  • Agnatha is a superclass of jawless fish i.e these animals have no jaws.
  • They come under the phylum chordata, subphylum vertebrata and includes the Cyclostomes and extinct Ostracoderm species.
  • Placodermi is a class of armoured prehistoric fish having plated skin belonging to the superclass Gnathostomata (having jaws).
  • Chondrichthyes is a class which contains cartilaginous fishes and belong to the superclass Gnathostomata.
  • So the correct answer is 'Placodermi and Chondrichthyes'.