Tag: structures and functions related to the excretory system

Questions Related to structures and functions related to the excretory system

Well developed digestive system is present in

evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Cnidarians, prawns and earthworms

  2. Grasshoppers, frogs and houseflies

  3. Amoeba, Hydra and dog

  4. Sponges, flatworms and earthworms

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Porifera (sponges), Platyhelminthes (flatworms) and Cnidaria (Hydra) do not have a well-developed digestive system. They have 'blind-sac' body plan, with an opening that serves as both the mouth and the anus, and a gastrovascular cavity where digestion takes place.

Earthworms and Arthropods (Grasshoppers, houseflies) have a well-developed digestive system, having a compartmentalized alimentary canal and two-openings, anterior as mouth and posterior as the anus. 
The vertebrates (frogs) also have a well developed digestive system.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Grasshoppers, frogs and houseflies'

When compared to the mammals, birds are less sensitive to temporary deprivation of water, because

evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Urea excretion in mammals entails a greater loss of water than that in birds

  2. Absorption of Water horn the gut is more efficient in birds that in mammals

  3. The water requirement per unit weight is less in birds than in mammal

  4. None of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Birds and reptiles have uric acid as their nitrogenous waste. 

The uricotelic organism excretes uric acid in form of a white paste or powder.
this uric acid is advantaged over the urea which is excreted in mammals in certain ways because it is less toxic and reduces water loss and thus it also reduces the need for water for excretion.

So, the correct option is 'Urea excretion in mammals entails a greater lass of water than that M birds'

In rabbit, the urinary bladder opens into

biology homeostasis introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Uterus

  2. Urethra

  3. Ureter

  4. Vestibule

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The final passageway for urine out of the bladder is through the thin walled urethra. This tube runs from the base of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

In which of the following organism malpighian tubule is found?

biology homeostasis introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Honey bee

  2. Frog

  3. Ascaris

  4. Rabbit

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Malpighian tubules are found lining the gut of some species of arthropods, such as the bee. They are usually found in pairs and the number of tubules varies with the species of insect. Malpighian tubules are convoluted, which increases their surface area, and they are lined with microvilli for reabsorption and maintenance of osmotic balance. Malpighian tubules work cooperatively with specialized glands in the wall of the rectum.

So, the correct option is 'Honeybee'.

Marine teleost fishes excrete:

biology homeostasis introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Uric acid

  2. Ammonia

  3. Urea

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The nitrogen-containing compounds excreted by the sculpin, starry flounder, and blue sea-perch were profusely under research. Approximately four-fifths of the nitrogenous material was excreted via the gills. Ammonia and urea were the main components of the excreta in all three species.

So, the correct option is 'Urea'.

Find the incorrect pairing. 

biology excretion - the wastage disposing system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Nephridia and Leech

  2. Organ of Bojanus and Snail

  3. Malpighian tubules and Cockroach

  4. Kidney and Rat

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Nephridia are the invertebrate excretory organ that performs a function similar to the vertebrate kidney. These are small coiled tubes. Leech contains 17 pairs of nephridia arranged segmentally. 

The excretory organ of snail is nephridia. 
Malpighian tubules are types of excretory organs found in Cockroach. These excrete nitrogenous and other wastes. 
The excretory system of rats is kidneys. 
Thus, the correct answer is 'Organs of Bojanus and Snail.'

Select the option that correctly matches a characteristics feature with the group of three animals.

biology excretion - the wastage disposing system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Excretion through Malpighian tubules - Limulus, Loligo, Locusta

  2. Parapodia help in swimmming - Neries, Pheretima, Hirudinaria

  3. Rasping organ called radula - Pila, Octopus, Sepia

  4. Comb plates for locomotion - Pleurobrachia, Pennatula, Ctenoplana

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The phylum Mollusca animals have a file-like rasping organ called radula that helps in feeding.
(A) Malpighian tubules are the excretory organs present in terrestrial arthropods and are responsible for maintaining the ionic and osmotic balance. These tubules remove the waste from the hemolymph and the final excretion occurs in the rectum. Loligo is a mollusc.
(B) Parapodia help in swimming in aquatic annelids. Pheretima is not aquatic.
(C) In phylum Mollusca, Class Cephalopoda has a file-like structure called radula which helps in feeding. Pila, Octopus, Sepia have the radula.
(D) Phylum Ctenophora animals have eight rows of ciliated comb-plates that help in locomotion. Pennatula is a Cnidarian. 
Hence, the correct answer is 'Rasping organ called radula- Pila, Octopus, Sepia'.

Which one of the following is correctly matched?

biology excretion - the wastage disposing system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Wings of honey bee and crow - Homologous

  2. Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita - Analogous

  3. Nephridia of earthworm and malphighian tubules of cockroach - Excretory

  4. Nictitating membrane and blindspot in human eye - Vestigial

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Homologous organs are the organ which has the same origin but performs different functions. Wings of honey bee and crow are the analogous as they perform the same function. Where thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita are the homologous organs. Nictitating membrane is the vestigial organ of the human eye but not the blind spot. Whereas nephridia is the excretory organ of earthworm and malpighian tubule of the cockroach. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Select the correct option:

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below:

Column I(Parts of alimentarycanal of earthworm) Column II(Respective segments)
(A) Buccal cavity (i) 1-3
(B) Pharynx (ii) 3-4
(C) Oesophagus (iii) 5-7
(D) Gizzard (iv) 8-9
(E) Stomach (v) 9-14
(F) Intestine (vi) 15 to last
(G) Typhlosole (vii) 26-35

evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. A- (i); B- (ii); C- (iii); D- (iv); E- (v); F- (vi); G- (vii)

  2. A- (i); B- (ii); C- (iii); D- (v); E- (iv); F- (vi); G- (vii)

  3. A- (i); B- (iii); C- (ii); D- (iv); E- (v); F- (vii); G- (vi)

  4. A- (i); B- (iii); C- (ii); D- (v); E- (iv); F- (vii); G- (vi)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(A) Buccal cavity: 1-3

(B) Pharynx: 3-4
(C) Oesophagus: 5-7
(D) Gizzard: 8-9
(E) Stomach: 9-14
(F) Intestine: 15 to last
(G) Typhlosole: 26-35
So, the correct answer is 'A- (i); B- (ii); C- (iii); D- (iv); E- (v); F- (vi); G- (vii)'.

Which of the following is NOT a physical process of digestion?

evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

  1. Deglutition

  2. Churning

  3. Peristalsis

  4. Emulsification

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

(A) Deglutition is the process of swallowing the masticated food.

(B) Churning is the process in which the stomach mixes its digestive enzyme with food.
(C) Peristalsis is a wave-like muscle contraction that helps in the food movement in different digestive organs like oesophagus. 
(D) Emulsification is the process of mixing of bile with fat to change it into micelles.
So, the correct option is 'Emulsification'.