Tag: ecosystem productivity and decomposition

Questions Related to ecosystem productivity and decomposition

What does the term 'NPK' mean?

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Nitrate, potash and calcium

  2. Nitrogen, phosphate and chromium

  3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

  4. Nitrate, protein and vitamins.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Nitrogen(N). phosphorous(P), potassium (K) are used to label fertilizers based on the relative content of these chemicals.

Humus is an example of

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Soil structure

  2. Cryustalloids

  3. Organic colloids

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Humus particles are tiny pieces of organic matter and are known as Organic Colloids.
  • Humus is important because it retains moisture in the soil, loosens the soil permitting better aeration and drainage, and encourages the increase of soil organisms which help make nutrients available to plants.
  • Hence Humus is an example of organic colloids.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Organic colloids'.

Microorganism act upon a dead plant to produce

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Humus

  2. Mushroom

  3. Wood

  4. Sand

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Dead plants and animals are degraded in soil by decomposing bacteria and fungi. The material formed after the decomposition process is called humus. Humus is very rich in nutrients and black in colour. Greater the amount of humus more is the soil productivity. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Mark the correct statement
a) Microbes helps in decomposition process
b) They help in maintaining biogeochemical cycle
c) Microbes only helps in carbon cycle, they don't have any role in nitrogen cycle

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. a, b

  2. a, c

  3. b, c

  4. All

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Microbes play important role in our lives and in the environment. They help in the decomposition process and in maintaining the biogeo-chemical cycles like carbon and nitrogen cycles.

So, the correct answer is 'a,b'

Which of the following process is involved in the processing of manures?

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. The decomposition of animal excreta

  2. Plant waste

  3. Above both options are correct

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Manure is prepared by the decomposition of animal excreta and plant waste.

So, the correct answer is 'above both options are correct'

What causes the decomposition of organic matter in soil?

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Insects

  2. Plants

  3. Algae

  4. Bacteria

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Which of the following statement regarding decomposition is false?

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Warm and moist environment favors decomposition.

  2. Decomposition rate is slower if detritus is rich in chitin and lignin.

  3. Earthworm is a detritivore.

  4. Precipitation of soluble inorganic nutrients into the soil horizon of unavailable salt is called as mineralization.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Decomposition takes part in recycling of biogeochemicals and creating space for newer generations of organisms. A number of processes are involved in decomposition. 

They are grouped into three categories- 
(i) Fragmentation of detritus carried out by earthworms, termites, millipedes etc. 
(ii) Catabolism carried out by decomposers, which secrete digestive enzymes over the detritus and change insoluble complex organic substances into  simple and soluble organic and inorganic substances. 
(iii) Leaching in which soluble substances formed during decomposition are passed to deeper layers of soil. 
The process of decomposition is favoured by warm and moist environment, because it favours growth of decomposers. 
Mineralization is the release of inorganic substances both non-mineral, example carbon dioxide and water; and minerals like calcium, magnesium, potassium, etc from organic matter.
In short, mineralisation is the process by which humus is further degraded by some microbes to release inorganic substances.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Passage of minerals from top soil to subsoil through seepage of water is known as

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Leaching

  2. Percolation

  3. Conduction

  4. Transpiration

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Correct Option: A

Downward passage of mineral, from upper soil layer to lower soil strata is called

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Percolation

  2. Leaching

  3. Weathering

  4. Runaway

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A liquid when slowly passes through a filter, this is called percolation.

Leaching is the natural process by which water soluble substances (such as calcium, fertilizers, pesticides) are washed out from soil or wastes in the downward passage from upper soil layer to lower soil strata.
Breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface, by the heavy rainfall, extremes of temperature, and biological activity is called weathering.
Runaway is the passing of soil and other substances by rain.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B).

For recycling of materials which one is most necessary  ______________.

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. producers

  2. Consumers

  3. Decomposers

  4. None of above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The decomposers are heterotrophic organisms that break up the dead bodies of plants and their waste products into smaller bits or molecules. The reducers release molecules to the environment as chemical to be used

again by the producers.
So, the correct answer is 'Decomposers'