Tag: oxoacids of halogens

Questions Related to oxoacids of halogens

On heating $KClO _3$, we get :

  1. $KClO _2+O _2$

  2. $KCl+O _2$

  3. $KCl+O _3$

  4. $KCl+O _2+O _3$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
On heating $KClO _3$, we get $KCl+O _2$.

The reaction is as follows:
$2KClO _3 \longrightarrow 2KCl+ 3O _2$

When potassium chlorate is heated in the presence of manganese dioxide catalyst, it decomposes to form potassium chloride and oxygen gas. 

The ion that cannot undergo disproportionation is :

  1. $ClO _4^-$

  2. $ClO _3^-$

  3. $ClO _2^-$

  4. $ClO^-$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$ClO _4^-$
+7
here, Cl is in highest oxidation state so further it can not be oxidise so it can not 
undergo disproportionation reaction.

Which products are expected from the disproportionation of hypochlorous acid?

  1. $HClO _3$ and $Cl _2O$

  2. $HClO _2$ and $HClO _4$

  3. $HCl $and $Cl _2O$

  4. $HCl $ and $HClO _3$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
$\displaystyle 3HClO \rightleftharpoons 2HCl + HClO _3$

It is a disproportionation reaction of hypochlorous acid where the oxidation number of chlorine from $+1$ to $-1$

Higher is Oxidation no. more is effective nuclear charge, lesser is size.

The disproportionation of hypochlorous acid gives $\displaystyle HCl $ and $\displaystyle HClO _3 $.

Hence option D is correct.

The following acids have been arranged in the order of decreasing acid strength. Identify the correct order: ClOH (I), BrOH (II), IOH (III).

  1. $I> II > III$

  2. $II>I>III$

  3. $III>II>I$

  4. $I>III>II$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

For the same oxidation state, when the electronegativity of the halogen increases, the strength of the oxyacid increases.
$HOCI > HOBr > HOI$

Hence option A is correct.

Which one of the following oxy acid of fluorine exists ?

  1. $HOF$

  2. $HFO _{3}$

  3. $HFO _{4}$

  4. $HFO _{2}$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In fluorine d-orbitals are absent so it shows only +1 oxidation state in oxo-acid,
but not + 3, + 5 or + 7. 


That's why unlike other members (halogens) fluorine only forms one oxoacid HOF.

Hence, option A is correct.

Among the oxyacids of chlorine, the strongest oxidising agent is:

  1. $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{4}$

  2. $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{3}$

  3. $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{2}$

  4. $\mathrm{HCl}\mathrm{O}$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$H\overset{+7}{Cl}O _4$ is strongest oxidising agent.
as Cl is in its highest oxidation state, i.e., +7.
Oxidation state $\alpha$ Oxdising nature 

Which one of the following oxyacids of chlorine is the least oxidizing in nature?

  1. $\mathrm{HOCl}$

  2. $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{2}$

  3. $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{4}$

  4. $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{3}$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$\overset{+7}{HClO _{4}}$ a is in highest oxidation state so its oxidizing nature is least.

oxidation state $\alpha$ $\frac{1}{oxidising \ nature}$


Option C is correct.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. All halogens except flourine from OXO-acids

  2. Hypohalous acids HOCI,HOBr and HOI are all strong acids

  3. Hypochlorous acid is the most stable among hypohalous acids

  4. Chlorous acid is the only halous acid known


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

There are also other halous acids like:
$HOBr _2$ which is Hydrobromous acid.
So D is wrong

The anhydride of $\mathrm{H}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{4}$ is:

  1. $\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{4}$

  2. $\mathrm{Cl} _{2}\mathrm{O} _{7}$

  3. $\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{2}$

  4. $\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{O} _{3}$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$2HClO _4\ \overset{-H _2O}{\rightarrow}Cl _2O _7$
$\therefore $  Anhydride of $2HClO _4$ is $Cl _2O _7$

Which of the following forms are the most basic in 0.1 M solution?

  1. $\mathrm{NaCl}$

  2. $\mathrm{NaOCl}$

  3. $\mathrm{N}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{O} _{2}$

  4. $\mathrm{N}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{O} _{3}$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$NaCl^{-1}$
$NaOCl^{+1}$ - most basic as Cl is in +1 oxidation state and on hydrolysis it gives weak acid HOCl. Thus it is most basic among the given compounds.
$\overset{+3}{NaClO _{2}}$
$\overset{+5}{NaClO _{3}}$