Tag: rocks and minerals

The dead aquatic organisms that were buried under the sand and clay of the seabed, were converted to petroleum owing to the absence of air, high temperature, and high pressure.

A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel engine with an electric generator(often an alternator) to generate electrical energy. 

Petroleum which is also known as crude oil  is a fossil fuel that was formed from the remains of  marine organisms and plant wastes (vegetable).

Millions of years ago, algae and plants lived in shallow areas  seas. After dying and sinking to the seabottom, the organic material mixed with other sediments and was buried. Over millions of years under high pressure and high temperature, the remains of these organisms transformed into what we know today as fossil fuels by the various chemical process . Coal, natural gas, and petroleum are all fossil fuels that formed under similar conditions.

Hence option D is corrrect.

The correct sequence is :
(i) Drilling of the oil through the various layers under the earth's surface.
(ii) Processing of crude oil to remove heavy oil.
(iii) Purification of crude oil containing salt water.
(iv) Heating of the crude oil containing pure mixture of hydrocarbons over a specific range of temperature.
(v) Separation of constituents by fractional distillation.

Petroleum is lighter than water. It has less density, so is insoluble in water.

It is 'ethyl mercapton' which is responsible for the pungent smell.

Carbon is the main constituent of coal. Thus, coal is considered as an organic compound.

It has been seen that the deeper the coal found, the better quality it is. Because, the deeper we go, the temperature and pressure increases much and hence the quality of coal also increases.

Coal is mainly made up of carbon.Thus, the conversion of dead vegetation into coal is termed as carbonization.