Kaivalya is a state of solitude, isolation, aloneness and detachment. It means freeing yourself from bondage, attachments, worldly desires and getting independence from the cycle of birth and death. A person who achives this state is called a kevalin.
Which of the following was/were cause/s for rise of Jainism and Buddhism?
There were various causes for the rise of Jainism and Buddhism:
Religious factors - complex and expensive vedic rituals, Upanishads being highly philosophical in nature etc
Social factors - rigidity of caste system, domination of priestly class etc
Economic factors - rise of trade and therefore, growing economic domination of Vaishyas, sacrifice of animals leading to depletion of cattle wealth etc