Tag: nomenclature of organisms

The binomial system of nomenclature was first introduced in 1753 by Carl von Linne, who is known by his latinised name Linnaeus. According to the binomial system, the name of the organism consists of two latin words. The first word which begins with a capital letter refers to the genus. The second word, which begins with lower case letter, refers to species. Both are written in italics or underlined. Hence option A is the correct answer. 

• The term Nomenclature means the scientific naming of organisms according to an established system. In earlier days common vernacular names were used which generally changes with change of language. Later in the haunt of one common internationally accepted name for a species, scientific names (Technical names) have been introduced in the form of Polynomial, binomial and trinomial systems of nomenclature.
• In the early 17th century, taxonomists started using a string of descriptive Latin words to designate a species. For example, in the herbal of Clusius (1583) a species of willow is named as Salix pumila angustifolia altera.
• Polynomial nomenclature was discarded for the two main reasons that it was lengthy and difficult to remember, it often varies from place to place, scholar to scholar based on the characters chosen by them.

Selaginella bryopteris (L.), popularly known as Sanjeevani, is a plant with medicinal properties. Sanjeevani grows on the hills of tropical areas, particularly the Arawali mountain terrains from east to west in India. Traditionally plants have been used to: (i) relief from heat stroke and the burning sensation during urination; (ii) restorating menstrual irregularities to normal and applied topically to pregnant women, aids easy delivery; and (iii) for treating jaundice. So, the correct answer is 'Selaginella bryopteris'.

While writing the scientific names, certain conventions need to be followed such as the name of genus begins with a capital letter and name of species begins with small letter.

In the Binomial system of nomenclature zoological name of an organism consist of two parts. The first part starts with a capital letter and represents genus, the second name that does not start with the capital letter is species name. Both the names are underlined separately.

• Plants have Latin names due to Binomial Nomenclature System of naming plants developed by famed Swedish botanist, Linnaeus.
• Using Latin names helps to avert confusion caused by the often contradictory and multiple common names an individual may have.
• He picked the Latin language because it's a dead language and is universally identified

Biological names are regarded legitimate when, they are not illegitimate, very popular and have their holotypes.
So, answer is - 'All of the above'.

A tautonym is a scientific name of a species in which both parts of the name (the genera and species) have the same spelling, for example - Bison bison Linnaeus, 1758 for American Bison.

The chemical energy from the organic molecules is transformed into a simpler form by cells through cellular respiration (Energy Transformation) and then transferred to other tissues of the body for their metabolic activities (Energy transfer). Both these processes happen continuously in our body.

The correct answer is D.

The binomial nomenclature is the use of the genus and species name system for describing all the living organisms. The method is beneficial as it prevents confusion in the names used in different places and makes it easy that one organism is known by the same name throughout the world.