Tag: the root system

In the root cap there is a special subset of cells, called as statocytes. Inside the statocyst cells, some specialized amyloplasts are involved in the perception of gravity by the plant (gravitropism). Statoliths settle at the bottom part of their cells and allow plants to sense gravity. Statoliths are also found in the endodermal layer of the inflorescence stem. The redistribution of auxin causes the shoot to turn in a direction opposite that of the gravity stimuli.

The cortex is the outermost layer of the stem or root of a plant, bounded on the outside by the epidermis and on the inside by the endodermis. In plants, it is composed mostly of differentiated cells, usually large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the ground tissue system.

Roots produced other than radicle are called adventitious roots. These are formed from pericycle or interfascicular cambium.

So, the correct option is ’Pericycle or interfascicular cambium’.

The region of cell differentiation or maturation is differentiated into root hairs. Most of the water absorption occurs through this region.

Quiescent centre is present in the apical meristem of the root also called the root apex. It occur in the form of a hemisphere. 

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division which reduces the chromosome number by half. This process occurs in all sexually reproducing eukaryotes including animals, plants and fungi. In meiosis, DNA replication is followed by two rounds of cell division to produce four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. Because the number of chromosomes is halved during meiosis, this allows gametes to fuse to form a zygote containing a mixture of paternal and maternal chromosomes.
Thus, meiosis and fertilization facilitate sexual reproduction with successive generations maintaining the same number of chromosomes. Meiosis occurs in reproductive parts. Mitosis occurs in vegetative parts like shoot apex, root apex and leaf bud. 
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division, which reduces the chromosome number by half. This process occurs in all sexually reproducing eukaryotes including animals, plants and fungi.

Outer most part of the stele is pericycle . It is found in roots and dicot stem. in roots it is parenchymatous. In dicot root it is involved in the formation of lateral roots and in monocot roots it is involved in the formation of lateral roots.

• The epidermal cells of the roots give out fine hair-like outgrowths called the root hairs that absorb water and minerals