Tag: introduction to eukaryotic cell

Questions Related to introduction to eukaryotic cell

The division of the organisms into Prokaryota and Eukaryota is based on the characters of

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. Nucleus only

  2. More than one chromosome

  3. Cell organelles only

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Prokaryotes are the organism whose cell do not possess membrane-bound nucleus and organelles except ribosome. Instead of organelles, all the function is performed by the cytoplasm and cell membrane. Whereas eukaryotes are the organism whose cell possess membrane-bound organelle and nucleus. Prokaryotic cell possesses single circular chromosome whereas eukaryotic cell possesses more than one chromosomes. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Eukaryotic cells include

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. Only single envelope system

  2. Prochromosomes

  3. True sap vacuoles

  4. Only 80S ribosomes

Show answer
Correct Option: C,D
Explanation:

  • The eukaryotic cell contains double membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, Golgi body, lysosomes, etc.
  • Prochromosomes are not present in the eukaryotic cell rather its DNA is linear and condensed to form a structure called chromosomes.
  • True sap vacuoles are present in plant cells they serve as storage of material.
  • The eukaryotic cell contains 80S ribosomes which are made up of two units first one is a small unit (40S) and the second one is a large unit (60S).
So the solution is 'option C  and D.

In eukaryotic cells, the chromosomes are located in

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. Nucleus

  2. Nucleolus

  3. Golgi complex

  4. Lysosomes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In prokaryotes, the circular chromosomes are located in nucleoid which is present in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotes, the chromosome is stored inside the nucleus. Each eukaryotic chromosome is composed of DNA coiled and condensed around nuclear proteins called histones.

So the correct answer is the nucleus. 

Which of the following covers/encloses and protects the chromosome in the Eukaryotic cells

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. Nuclear membrane

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Ribosomes

  4. Flagella

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is the nuclear membrane that encloses and protects the chromosome. It is present only in the Eukaryotic cells.

Which of the following organism is/are made of Eukaryotic cells?

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. Animals

  2. Plants

  3. Fungi

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The cells of animals, plants and fungi have a true nucleus i.e. a nucleus where the nuclear membrane is covering the chromosomes. Such cells with a true nucleus are called the Eukaryotic cells.

Which of the following groups of organelles are present in eukaryotic cells, specifically the plant and animal cells?

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. The mesosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, mitochondria and lysosomes

  2. The endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, cytoplasm, nucleoid, nucleus and nucleolus

  3. The mitochondria, nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum

  4. The nucleoid, mesosome and pili

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The various cell organelles that can be seen in the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm include the nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, mitochondria, lysosomes, vacuoles and the ribosomes. The nucleoid is the naked chromosome which is found in the prokaryotic cells like bacteria and the mesosome is also found in the prokaryotic cells where it plays an important role in the respiration. Pili are hair-like structures that help the bacteria to adhere to the surfaces. So, the correct answer is 'The mitochondria, nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum'.

In addition to the nucleus, many membrane-bound cell organelles_______________________.

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. are present in both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell

  2. are present in Prokaryotic cell

  3. are present in Eukaryotic cell

  4. are absent in Eukaryotic cell

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Eukaryotic cells, in addition to the nucleus, have many membrane-bound organelles like the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies etc. Such membrane-bound organelles are absent in the Prokaryotic cells.

Which of the following statements is correct

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. The nuclear membrane is present in Eukaryotic cells

  2. The nuclear membrane is present in Prokaryotic cells

  3. The nuclear membrane is present in both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

  4. The nuclear membrane is absent in the Eukaryotic cells

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus i.e. their chromosome is covered and protected by a nuclear membrane. Presence of Nuclear membrane or the nucleus is a unique feature of the Eukaryotic cells.

Read the following statements w.r.t. meristematic cells:
(i)   Cells have dense cytoplasm with a prominent nucleus.
(ii)  Cells possess well-developed mitochondria, plastids, and endoplasmic reticulum.
(iii) Cells possess the property to divide continuously.
(iv) Apical meristems produce primary tissues.
(v)  During formation of leaves and elongation of the stem, some cells left behind from shoot apical meristem, constitute the axillary bud.
How many of the given statements are correct?

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. Five

  2. Four

  3. Three

  4. Two

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Properties of Meristematic Cells
Cells within meristematic tissues have special characteristics that make them unique when compared to cells in mature, specialized plant tissue. Cells within meristematic tissue are self-renewing, meaning that every time they divide, one new cell remains meristematic, while the second heads off to become a programmed or specialized mature cell.

Additionally, all cells within meristematic tissue are living, while other plant tissue can be made of both living and dead cells. Meristematic cells have thin cell walls, small or no vacuoles, which are stored organelles, and large prominent nucleus. This compares to the thick walls and small nucleus of programmed cells, which also have one or more large vacuoles. Also, meristematic cells contain a significant volume of dense liquid, while specialized cells have only a small quantity of thin liquid. 

Except for the statement that the cells possess well-developed mitochondria, plastids, and endoplasmic reticulum all the other statements are true.

So the correct option is 'Four'.

Find the incorrect pair.

bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

  1. Mitochondria - Kitchen of cell

  2. Lysosomes - Hydrolytic enzymes

  3. Vacuole - Cell sap

  4. Nucleus - Brain of the cell

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Mitochondria is called as "power house of the cell". But kitchen of the cell is chloroplast, which is present only in plant cells. Chloroplast is referred as 'Kitchen of the cell' because in it, the food is being synthesized with the help of carbondioxide, sunlight and water.