Tag: alimentary canal

Questions Related to alimentary canal

(A) Teeth and tongue with help of saliva masticate and mixed up the food thoroughly.
(B) Mucus in saliva helps in lubricating and adhering the masticated food particles into chyme
(C) Mucus and bicarbonate present in gastric juice plays an important role in lubrication and protection from excoriation by highly concentrated $HCL$
(D) The function of bile is emulsification of fat and activation of lipase
How many sentences given above are true?

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. One

  2. Two

  3. Three

  4. Four

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • During the mastication process, the food is positioned by the cheek and tongue between the teeth for grinding. As chewing continues, the food is made softer and warmer, and the enzymes in saliva begin to break down carbohydrates in the food. After chewing, the food (now called a bolus) is swallowed.
  •  The salivary glands produce two different types of secretions: thin, watery saliva and thick mucus. This mucus is an excellent lubricant and makes swallowing food easier.
  • Secretion of bicarbonate into the adherent layer of mucus gel creates a pH gradient with a near-neutral pH at the epithelial surfaces in stomach and duodenum, providing the first line of mucosal protection against luminal acid.
  • Bile contains bile acids, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. The function of bile is to bring ingested fats into the emulsion to facilitate the work of the lipases.

So, the correct answer is 'Four'.

Stomach is the site digestion mainly of ______________.

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Fats

  3. Proteins

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The stomach is the site for the digestion of Protein. Pepsin present in duodenum breaks down the food proteins into polypeptides which are then broken down by various exopeptidases and dipeptidases into amino acids.

So, the correct answer is 'Proteins'.

Read the following fours statements (A toD) about chylomicrons?

A. Chylomicrons are produced in the lumen of small intestine
B. Chylomicron contains triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids
C. Chylomicron is protein free small vesicles
D. Chylomicron released from the lacteal% into epithelial cells
How many of the above statements are correct?

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Four

  2. One

  3. Two

  4. Three

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chylomicrons are lipoprotein particles that consist of triglycerides (85–92%), phospholipids (6–12%), cholesterol (1–3%), and proteins (1–2%).They transport dietary lipids from the intestines to other locations in the body. However, they are not produced in the lumen of the small intestine rather in the epithelial cells of it. The chylomicrons produced in the epithelial cells are released into the lacteals and then get transported into the lymphatic vessels.


So the only correct choice is that chylomicron contains triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids . 
So the correct option is 'One'.

Amylopsin and Rennin are carbohydrate and protein digesting enzymes respectively. Amylopsin acts in ____ medium and Rennin acts in ____ medium :-

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Acidic only

  2. Alkaline and acidic

  3. Acidic and alkaline

  4. Slightly acidic and acidic

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Amylopsin is a pancreatic enzyme that converts starch to sugar. It is most active in an alkaline pH. Rennin functions best in an acidic environment and loses its activity when pH is higher than 7. So, the correct option is 'Alkaline and acidic'.

Most of the fats absorbed in the small intestine enters the?

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Lacteals

  2. Arterioles

  3. Venules

  4. Microvilli

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Role of invertase is to convert

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Glucose to fructose and sucrose

  2. Glucose to maltose

  3. Maltose to glucose

  4. Sucrose to glucose and fructose

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Invertase is an enzyme present in succus entericus. It is also called as sucrase. It hydrolyzes sucrose into its components glucose and fructose.

Match the digestive juices with the enzymes given under. Choose the choice which gives the correct combination of the alphabets of the two columns.

   List I (Digestive juices)    List II (Enzymes)
 A  Saliva p  Maltase
 B Gastric juice  q  Trypsinogen
 C  Pancreatic juice r  Ptyalin
 D  Intestinal juice s   Pepsin
    t   Cellulase
biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1.  A- r, B- s, C- q, D- p

  2. A- s, B- r, C- p, D- t

  3. A- r, B- t, C- p, D- q

  4. A- r, B- s, C- p, D- t

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Salivary juice contains starch splitting enzyme amylase. The amylase of saliva is called as ptyalin. Pepsin is the major proteolytic enzyme of stomach. Pepsin is secreted as a proenzyme pepsinogen and is activated to pepsin on exposure to acid in stomach. Trypsin is a component of pancreatic juice where it is present as trypsinogen. Trypsinogen is activated to trypsin on exposure to enterokinase. The intestinal juice contains a number of disaccharidases like maltase, lactase, sucrase for splitting disaccharides into monosaccharides, which can be readily absorbed.

Amount of fat increases in the body due to excess intake of

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Vitamins

  2. Minerals

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Excess carbohydrates in diet are converted into glycogen and stored in liver and muscles to be used during starvation or in-between meals to maintain a constant blood glucose level. Still excess carbohydrates are converted into adipose tissue of fat and stored around visceral organs and under the skin.

How many enzymes in the list given below infound in pancreatic juice?
Enterokinase, Chymotrypsin, Aminopeptidase, Pepsin, Lactase, Rennin, Carboxypeptidase, Nuclease, Nucleotidase & Elastase:-

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Six

  2. Three

  3. Five

  4. Four

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastase, carboxypeptidase, nuclease are the enzymes secreted by the pancreas.

Emulsification of fats by bile takes place in  

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Duodenum

  2. Liver

  3. Stomach

  4. Intestine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Secretion and synthesis of bile is the main function of liver. Bile is yellowish-green, alkaline fluid. In bile juice, bile salts, sodium carbonate, glycolate, taurocholate, bile pigments, cholesterol, lecithin etc. are present. Bile salts help in emulsification of fats in small intestine. It mainly act at the duodenum part of the small intestine.