Tag: discovery of microorganisms

Holstein is a breed of cattle known today as the world's highest production dairy animal. It is black and white due to artificial selection by breeders.

Anthrax is a highly contagious and infectious soil-borne disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a relatively large spore-forming bacteria that can infect mammals. Anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivores, particularly bison and beef cattle. Anthrax infections are rare in humans. Beef cattle and bison are most likely to contract the disease because they graze lower to the ground than many other herbivores, often due to drought or management practices. It is also believed that the abrasive forages they consume can injure the mouth and allow the bacteria quick access to the bloodstream. 

Bacillus anthracis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, aerobic bacterium about 1 by 9 μm in size. It was shown to cause disease by Robert Koch in 1876 when he took a blood sample from an infected cow, isolated the bacteria and put them into a mouse.

Guayule is a desert plant indigenous to the southwest United States and northern Mexico. The species (Parthenium argentatum) is a new industrial crop and the only species other than Hevea (the Brazilian rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis) that has been used for rubber production on a commercial scale. Guayule needs low inputs of water, nutrients and pesticides less than many other crops and can be grown under arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

The most common cause of a foot and mouth disease is a enteroviruses which is virus and not a bacteria.

The Nagpuri buffalo is a versatile breed of the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State and stands better amongst the breeds of buffaloes which combine the milk and drought qualities in a better proportion in adverse climatic conditions. The animals of this breed are very well adapted to the harsh-semi-arid conditions of Vidarbha region and can withstand extreme climatic conditions as high as 47º C even in respect of milk production and fertility. These buffaloes are used for heavy draught purpose and farmers prefer this breed due to its low maintenance cost, efficiency of feed conversion, moderate production and better adaptation to local climatic conditions. Therefore it serves dual purpose of milkers and draught cattle.

• The device used for measuring the quality of milk is a lactometer. It is an instrument that measures the amount of water added and the volume of cream in the sample of milk. 
• It works on the principle of gravity. It has many industrial applications where milk is tested and then used for making various products.