Tag: respiration in cell

Questions Related to respiration in cell

Complete oxidation of 1 gm mol of glucose gives rise to ................. calories.

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 6860000 

  2. 686000 

  3. 68600 

  4. 6860 

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

At pH 7.0 and temperature 298 K, the standard free energy change of oxidation of glucose is -686 Kilocalories per mole or -2840 Kilojoules per mole. The negative values indicate that oxidation of glucose is an exergonic or energy releasing process.

Common immediate source of energy for cellular activity is

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. Glucose.

  2. Aldohexose.

  3. ATP.

  4. NAD.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide with three phosphates. It is the universal energy currency for all cellular metabolic processes. Endergonic processes are driven by energy input using hydrolysis of ATP. Exergonic processes are coupled to ATP synthesis. 

How many ATP forms in aerobic respiration of eukaryotic cell?

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 28 ATP

  2. 36 ATP

  3. 20 ATP

  4. 40 ATP

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Overall production of aerobic reaction is 24 (Krebs cycle) + 6 (oxidative decarboxylation) + 6 (glycolysis), i.e., 36 ATP molecules.

What is the energy coin of a cell?

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. DNA

  2. RNA

  3. ATP

  4. Minerals

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • During cellular metabolism, energy is frequently exchanged between endergonic and exergonic reactions and molecules.
  • The ATP is a universal energy currency, which is used in these cellular energy exchanges.
  • The reason has been that is ATP can be formed easily by the process of phosphorylation of ADP as suggested by the chemiosmotic theory.
  • Further, one molecule of ATP has two terminal high energy acid anhydride bonds, which can break easily to provide energy. 
  • Therefore, ATP can be both formed easily as well as broken easily. 

    Hence, correct option is C.

The number of ATP molecules produced during the production of 1 molecule of acetyl Co-A from 1 molecule of pyruvic acid is

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 3 ATP.

  2. 8 ATP.

  3. 36 ATP.

  4. 38 ATP.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pyruvic acid is the end product of glycolysis. It is translocated into mitochondria for complete oxidation to carbon dioxide and water. Inside mitochondria first pyruvic acid is oxidatively decarboxylated into acetyl coA. In this process the three carbon atom containing pyruvic acid is converted to two carbon atom containing acetyl CoA and a molecule of carbon dioxide is released. The acetyl coA is fed into the Kreb's cycle. 

During oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid one molecule of reduced coenzyme $NADH _2$ is synthesized. The reduced coenzyme $NADH _2$ can be metabolised by mitochondrial electron transport system, when one molecule of $NADH _2$ produces 3 ATP molecules by  the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

Chemosynthesizers can convert chemicals into biomass, and many types of chemosynthetic organisms congregate near hydrothermal vents, where chemicals are abundant.
Predict why there would be higher biomass and greater primary production of organisms living in the hydrothermal vent areas, in contrast to the areas outside the vent areas.

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. The vents release an abundance of chemicals the organisms living there can use in the production of energy molecules.

  2. The heat released from the vents oxidizes chemicals in the water that organisms consume.

  3. It is too cold outside the vent areas, so most of the organisms live within the vent areas.

  4. Predators are rare in the vent areas, so organisms rarely venture out beyond the immediate vent area.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hydrothermal vents are abundant in chemical substances that are released by the core of the earth. These vents are devoid of light and have a temperature of about 350$^o$C. Therefore, this habitat can help only those organisms to survive which do not use light as a source of energy, that is autotrophs of this food chain should be able to synthesize food from chemicals present in the surrounding- example archea while withstanding the extreme temperature

So, the correct answer is 'The vents release an abundance of chemicals the organisms living there can use in the production of energy molecules'

Which organisms are ultimately responsible for obtaining the energy required for life processes?

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. Anaerobic bacteria

  2. Fungi decomposing dead organisms

  3. Plants undergoing photosynthesis

  4. Animals undergoing respiration

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Respiration is a catabolic process that leads to formation of ATP molecules from the substrate, that can be utilized for performing various life processes
So, the correct answer is 'Animals undergoing respiration'

Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration are metabolic processes that occur in eukaryotic cells. Each process involves several steps and chemical reactions.
All of the following occur during the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration except

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. The production of large amounts of ATP.

  2. Oxidation-reduction reactions.

  3. The use of multiple enzymes to catalyze reactions.

  4. An electron transport chain.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Production of large amount of ATP takes place exclusively during respiration. However a small number of ATP is produced during the light reaction of photosynthesis, which is utilized for fixing or reducing CO$ _2$

So, the correct answer is 'The production of large amounts of ATP'

Which molecule is responsible for storing energy that can be used to do cellular work?

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. DNA

  2. Fat

  3. ATP

  4. Protein

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Energy derived from light or chemical compounds is stored in the form of ATP, it is a energy resource compound found across all organisms. Which can be hydrolyzed by the cell to derive energy for all its activities

So, the correct answer is 'ATP'

The enzyme ATP synthase is part of the process required to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate in the mitochondria.

Which of the following conditions would stimulate the synthesis of ATP?

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. A slowdown of glycolytic activity

  2. Elevated oxygen levels

  3. A build up of the proton gradient

  4. Decreased substrate-level phosphorylation in the cytoplasm

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A build up of proton gradient in the mitochondrial matrix is used by the ATP synthase to generate ATP from ADP and iP, this is also referred to as PMF or the free energy released by passive movement of protons from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytoplasm.

So, the correct answer is 'A build up of the proton gradient'