Tag: non-renewable sources of energy

Questions Related to non-renewable sources of energy

Petroleum import costs India:

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Rs 3100 crores

  2. Rs 2100 crores

  3. Rs 1100 crores

  4. Rs 500 crores

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Petroleum is imported into India from other Arab countries with a cost of Rs. $3100$ crores.

________ is a process by which components in a chemical mixture are separated into different parts according to different boiling points in a fractionating column.

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Vacuum distillation

  2. Steam distillation

  3. Fractional distillation

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Vacuum distillation is a distillation of a liquid under reduced pressure, enabling it to boil at a lower temperature than normal.

Steam distillation of a liquid in a current of steam used especially to purify liquids that are not very volatile and are immiscible with water.

Fractional distillation is a separation of a liquid mixture into fractions differing in boiling point (and hence chemical composition) by means of distillation, typically using a fractionating column.

Petroleum refining involves:

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. vacuum distillation

  2. steam distillation

  3. fractional distillation

  4. fractional crystallisation

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The various fractions of petroleum are separated by fractional distillation.
Fractional distillation is one separation of a mixture into its components parts, or fractions, sour as in separating chemical compounds by their boiling point by heating them to a temp at which one or more fractions of the compound will vaporize.

During fractional distillation of petroleum, different fractions are obtained. Their name, number of carbon atoms, temperature range at which it is obtained, their uses are given. There is an error in one of the alternatives. In which alternative there is an error?

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Petrol, ${ C } _{ 5 }to{ C } _{ 10 }$, 303K to 393K, fuel in vehicles.

  2. diesel, ${ C } _{ 15 }to{ C } _{ 18 }$, 533K to 613K, fuel in vehicles and generators.

  3. Neptha, ${ C } _{ 8 }to{ C } _{ 10 }$, 393K to 453K, solvent in petro chemicals.

  4. lubricating oil, ${ C } _{ 8 }to{ C } _{ 12 }$, 400K, fuel in high speed vehicles.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Lubricating oil,$C _{16}$ to $C _{20}$ above 613K is used as lubrication oil in machine and to prepare grease,vaseline etc.

 Therefore,lubricating oil $C _8$ to $C _{12}$,400K fuel in high speed vehicles is the correct answer.

The process of crystallization is used to obtain pure solids because:

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. iIt is better than evaporation

  2. impurities are filtered completely

  3. ultra pure crystals are formed

  4. decomposition does not take place

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Since crystallization generally produces salts which are crystalline in state or $100$ percent purity in state.

What is the method to separate two compounds with different solubilities in a solvent? 

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Sublimation

  2. Crystallization

  3. Chromatography

  4. Distillation

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Two compounds which have different solubilities in a solvent S can be separated from each other by Fractional Crystallisation. The process involves a series of repeated-crystallisations. The mixture of the two compounds in the solvent S is heated so as to make it saturated. When the hot solution is allowed to cool, the less soluble substance crsytallises out first while the more soluble substance remains in the solution. The crystals of first compound are separated from the mother liquor and the mother liquor is again concentrated and allowed to cool when the crystals of the 2nd compound are obtained.

Separation of a mixture into its components, whose boiling points are different, is called :

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. fractional distillation

  2. destructive distillation

  3. displacement

  4. filtration

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Separation of a mixture into its components whose boiling points are different is called Fractional distillation.
This method is used for separating a mixture of two or more volatile liquids both having close boiling points. The boiling points of two components differ by 10-15 K. For example, acetone and methanol with boiling points 329 K and 338 K can be separated  by this method. This method is used for distillation of petroleum, coal tar and crude alcohol.

During fractional distillation, at what temperature range is light oil or crude naphtha collected?

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. upto 170 $^o$

  2. 170-230 $^o$

  3. 230 - 270 $^o$

  4. 270 - 360 $^o$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

During fractional distillation, light oil or crude naphtha is collected upto 170$^o$.

90% benzol is named so because 100. c.c of the fraction when distilled below 100 deg C gives 90 c.c of toluene.

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

90% benzol is named so because 100. c.c of the fraction when distilled below 100 deg C gives 90 c.c of distillate.
90% benzol contains 70% benzene, 24% toluene and 3-5% xylene.


Which of the following represents the chief constituents of green oil?

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. benzene, toluene, xylenes, etc.

  2. phenol, naphthalene, etc.

  3. cresols, naphthalene, etc.

  4. anthracene, phenanthrene, etc.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Anthracene, phenanthrene, etc. represent the chief constituents of green oil.