Tag: control of blood glucose

Questions Related to control of blood glucose

A person suffering from diabetes insipidus will pass what amount of urine per day?

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. 1 litre

  2. $\frac{1}{2}$ litres

  3. 3 litres

  4. 1.5 litres

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

If a person drinks enough water, this condition will not have significant effects on the fluid or electrolyte balance of the body. If the person does not drink enough fluids, high urine output may cause dehydration and high levels of sodium in the blood. The primary symptoms of diabetes insipidus are excessive thirst and urination. A person can produce large amounts of urine, usually more than 3 litres up to 15 litres per day.

The intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland produces a secretion, which causes a dramatic darkening of the skin of many fishes, amphibians and reptiles. It is 

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

  2. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

  3. Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

  4. Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

MSH is important in the regulation of melanin synthesis in cells called melanophores (a type of chromatophore) that are in the skin of amphibians, some fishes, and reptiles. Light reflected from water surface stimulates photoreceptors, which send information to the hypothalamus. Pituitary MSH then causes the pigment synthesis in the melanophores to disperse and the skin to darken.

Gonadotrophic hormones are produced in the

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Posterior part of thyroid

  2. Adrenal cortex

  3. Adenohypophysis of pituitary

  4. Interstitial cells of testis

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The anterior pituitary is also known as the adenohypophysis, meaning glandular undergrowth. Gonadotropes (LH and FSH) are secreted from the anterior pituitary. Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the ovulation cycle in female mammals, while in the males, LH stimulates the synthesis of androgen. FSH helps in the growth of the reproductive system.

Find the odd one out.

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Parathyroid - tetany

  2. Pancreas - diabetes insipidus

  3. Adrenal cortex - Cushing's syndrome

  4. Thyroid - goitre

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 

ADH is synthesised in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary. Its deficiency causes an inability to concentrate urine in the distal renal tubules. 

If a human female starts developing male characteristics like beard, degeneration of uterus and ovaries, enlargement of clitoris etc. It may be due to

zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Over production oestrogen and testosterone

  2. Damage to posterior pituitary

  3. Over production of adrenal androgens

  4. Surgical removal of mammary gland

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Excess amounts of androgens result in acne, hirsutism (excess hair growth on the chin or upper lip) and thinning hair. Many women with high levels of a form of testosterone have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), infertility, blood sugar disorders. High levels of androgens are associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and heart disease.

Which of the following is neuropeptide hormone?

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Vasopressin

  2. Insulin

  3. ACTH

  4. Glucagon

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Antidiuretic hormone, also known commonly as vasopressin, is a nine amino acid peptide secreted from the posterior pituitary. It has two principal sites of action: the kidney and blood vessels. Its two primary functions are to retain water in the body and to constrict blood vessels. 

A decrease in the level of estrogen-progesterone causes

zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Growth and dilation of myometrium

  2. Growth of endometrium

  3. Constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to shedding of endometrium or uterine epithelium

  4. Release of ovum from the ovary

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Menstruation is the shedding of the lining of the uterus (endometrium) accompanied by bleeding. Bleeding occurs after oestrogen and progesterone levels decrease at the end of the previous cycle. This decrease causes the top layers of thickened lining of the uterus (endometrium) to break down and be shed. 

Which gland is concerned with salt equilibrium in body?

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Anterior Pituitary

  2. Pancreas

  3. Adrenal

  4. Thyroid

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The adrenal cortex produces a hormone, called as aldosterone, that is involved in regulating the amount of salt and water in the body. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid, which acts on the principal cells of the collecting ducts, ducts of sweat and salivary glands.

Which one of the following statements about sex hormones is correct?

zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizing hormone (LH).

  2. Progesterone is secreted by corpus luteum and soften ligaments during child birth.

  3. Estrogen is secreted by both Sertoli cells and corpus luteum.

  4. The progesterone produced by corpus luteum is biologically different from the one produced by placenta.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In the male, luteinizing hormone promotes the development of the interstitial tissue (Leydig cells) of the testes and hence promotes the secretion of the male sex hormone, testosterone. 

Which one affects liver, muscle and adipose tissue?

zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Androgen

  2. Insulin

  3. Progesterone

  4. Glucagon

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Insulin helps control blood glucose levels by signaling the liver and muscle and fat cells to take in glucose from the blood. Insulin therefore helps cells to take in glucose to be used for energy.