Tag: nuclear reactor

Questions Related to nuclear reactor

If natural uranium is used as fuel, the moderator used will be _________.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Ordinary water

  2. Graphite

  3. Boron

  4. Heavy water

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Heavy water $(D _2O)$ is used as moderator in nuclear power plants.

Water in boiling water reactor is used as ___________.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Coolant

  2. Moderator

  3. Both coolant and moderator

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Boiling water is used as both coolant and moderator is a medium that reduces the speed of fast neutrons.

Heavy water is ________.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. $DO$

  2. $D _2O$

  3. $D _3O _2$

  4. $D _2O _2$

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$D _2O$

Heavy water ($D _2O$) , also known as deuterium oxide, water composed of deuterium , the hydrogen isotope with a mass double that of ordinary hydrogen and oxygen. 

The process of increasing the percentage of fissionable $U-235$ in naturally occurring Uranium is called _________ .

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. controlled fission

  2. artificial transmutation

  3. chemical process

  4. enrichment

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The process of increasing the percentage of fissionable $U-235$ in naturally occurring Uranium is called enrichment.

In a nuclear reactor, nuclear energy is obtained by breaking the nucleus of uranium by :

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. fast moving neutrons

  2. fast moving electrons

  3. slow moving electrons

  4. slow moving neutrons

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

D

In fission each nucleus of uranium -235 emits on an average more than two neutrons. If one of these two neutrons is absorbed by another uranium -235 nucleus, causing it to fission, thus we can have a sustainable chain reaction. However, only a slow neutron, rather than a fast neutron has a high cross section( chance) of absorption. That is why slow moving neutrons are used. 

The sources of energy obtained in a nuclear reaction are :

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Mass defect

  2. Binding energy

  3. Fission

  4. Fusion

  5. All of these

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Correct Option: E
Explanation:

In fusion a heavy nucleus is splitted into two nuclei of comparable masses. The mass of parent nucleus is greater than the total mass of daughter nuclei, some mass is disappeared, this is mass defect and this mass appeared as the binding energy.

In fusion two or more than two light nuclei fuse together to form a heavy nucleus. The sum of masses of light nuclei is greater than the total mass of heavy nucleus, some mass is disappeared, this is mass defect and this mass appeared as the binding energy.

Heavy water is:

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. compound of deutrium and oxygen

  2. water at $4 ^\circ C$

  3. water, in which soap does not lather

  4. compound of heavy oxygen and heavy hydrogen

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Heavy water is water that contains heavy hydrogen or deuterium. Deuterium differs from the hydrogen usually found in water, protium, in that each atom of deuterium contains a proton and a neutron. Heavy water may be deuterium oxide,$D _2O$ or it may be deuterium protium oxide, $DHO$. Heavy water occurs naturally, although it is much less common than regular water. 

Nuclear power stations are usually located near source of water because.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Fuel could be transported to the station by ships

  2. Chemical wastes are discharged into the river

  3. Water is used as coolant and moderator

  4. Water is used to rotate the turbines of the generator

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Water can be used as coolant and moderator

Nuclear power stations are usually located near water source because water is used as coolant and moderator. 

The control rod in a nuclear reactor is made of.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Cadmium

  2. Uranium

  3. Graphite

  4. Plutonium

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fision rate of uranium and plutonium. They are composed of chemical elements such as boron, silver, indium and cadmium that are capable of absorbing many neutrons without themselves fissioning.

The nuclear fission chain reaction is initiated by the particle.

chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

  1. Proton

  2. Neutron

  3. Electron

  4. Positron

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Neutron 

Nuclear fission occurs when an atom splits into two or more smaller atoms, most often the as a result of neutron bombardment.