Tag: hiv and aids

Questions Related to hiv and aids

Consider the following statements and select the option which correctly identifies true(T) and false(F).
AIDS virus kills WBC and reduces immunity of the body.

zoology infectious diseases cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

AIDS virus destroys the immune system by attacking white blood cells called CD4 cells. HIV gets inside the CD4 cells and make copies of itself and then kills the CD4  cell. The new HIV copies find other CD4 cells to attack them. Thus, it destroys the immune cells, therefore reduces immunity. 

So, the given statement is true.

Identify the incorrect statement about the HIV virus.

zoology infectious diseases cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. The viral nucleotides contain ribose.

  2. HIV contains uracil, not thymine.

  3. HIV infection begins with the entrance of the virus into the host when the gp 120 and gp 41 function to pull the virus across the plasma membrane.

  4. HIV makes the host cell produce reverse transcriptase.

  5. Immunization against HIV has proven difficult because the virus mutates so rapidly.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) has a viral envelope, matrix proteins and core. The viral core consists of two single strands of RNA for its genome. The RNA genome consists of ribonucleotides (ribose + nitrogenous bases + phosphate) wherein thymine is replaced by uracil. The quick mutation rate of RNA genome makes it difficult to have a vaccine against it. The viral coat has trimeric glycoprotein gp120 which contacts CD4 terminal domain of the T4 cell. This contact leads to activation of gp120 followed by contact with chemokines receptor CCR5, a multipass membrane protein.  The result is activated gp41 which in turn cleaves gp120.  The terminal domain of gp41 interacts with the target cell and fuses with the T cell membrane to facilitate entry of virus with capsid into the cell.  RNA retroviruses have reverse transcriptase enzyme that synthesizes a DNA copy (cDNA) of viral RNA. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The HIV virus compromises the immune system mainly by infecting:

zoology infectious diseases cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. Cytotoxic 1-cells

  2. Helper T-cells

  3. Suppressor T-cells

  4. Plasma cells

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

HIV attacks and kills immune systems cells known as Helper T cells. Without Helper T cells many other immune system cells cannot work properly, including B cells that make antibodies 

So, the correct option is 'Helper T cells'.

HIV infects all of the following except

zoology infectious diseases cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. Monocytes

  2. T-cells

  3. Macrophages

  4. B-cells

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

HIV is a virus that targets and alters the immune system, increasing the risk and impact of other infections and diseases. It damages the immune system and infects macrophages, T- cells etc.

So, the correct option is 'B-cells'.

The human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) is a living entity because it can

zoology infectious diseases cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. Undergoes reproduction in the host cell

  2. Disturb host cell respiration

  3. Excrete in human serum

  4. Move from one cell to another

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
HIV infects a type of white blood cell in the body’s immune system called a T-helper cell (also called a $CD _4$ cell). These vital cells keep us healthy by fighting off infections and diseases. HIV cannot grow or reproduce on its own. Instead, the virus attaches itself to a T-helper cell and fuses with it. It then takes control of the cell’s DNA, replicates itself inside the cell, and finally releases more HIV into the blood – continuing the multiplication process. This is the HIV life cycle. 
So the correct option is 'Undergoes reproduction in the host cell'

At which stage of HIV infection does on usually show symptoms of AIDS?

zoology infectious diseases cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. When the infecting retrovirus enters host cells

  2. When vital DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase

  3. When HIV replicates rapidly in helper T-lymphocytes and damage large number of these

  4. Within $15$ days of sexual contact with an infected person

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Correct Option: A

AIDS is caused by

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  1. Corynebacterium diphtheriae

  2. Human immuno deficiency virus

  3. Rubella virus

  4. Varicella virus

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a virus causing diphtheria. 
Rubella virus causes measles. 
Varicella virus causes chickenpox.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection is a disease of human immune system, which causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is transmitted through sexual contact, breastfeeding and blood transfusion.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

AIDS days is on?

biology blood circulation cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. $1$st November

  2. $10$ December

  3. $1$st December

  4. $4$th June

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • World AIDS Day, designated on 1 December every year since 1988.
  • It is dedicated to raise awareness, educate and improve the understanding of HIV as a global public health problem.

In India, AIDS was reported in

biology blood circulation cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. 1932

  2. 1986

  3. 1990

  4. 1992

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The first AIDS case in India was detected in Solomon, a professor of microbiology in Government general hospital in Chennai in 1986 and since then HIV infection has been reported in all states and union territories.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

World AIDS Day is celebrated on

biology blood circulation cancer and aids hiv and aids immunity related disorders and problems

  1. 1  December

  2. 29 December

  3. 3 October

  4. 22 March

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

1 December is World AIDS Day, 29 December is Biological Diversity Day, 3 October is World Animal Day and 22 March is World Water Day.