Tag: acid deposition

Questions Related to acid deposition

Sulphur dioxide gas can cause acid rain.

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are $SO _2$ and $NO _x$. 

Acid rain usually forms high in the clouds, where sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water, oxygen, and oxidants this mixture forms a mild solution of sulphuric acid and nitric acid.

Which of the following is/are damages caused by acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. It depletes the soil of nutrients, increases the acidity of the soil and reduces fertility.

  2. It destroys marine life due to change in pH of the environment.

  3. It causes material damage.

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The damages caused by acid rain are:

  1. It depletes the soil of nutrients, increases the acidity of the soil and reduces fertility, as the ideal conditions for the growth of trees are lost. 
  2. It destroys marine life due to change in pH of the environment, making it unfit for habitation by aquatic animals.
  3. It causes material damage such as corrosion of marbles. 

Which of the following reactions is not correct for the formation of acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. $\displaystyle { N } _{ 2 }+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2NO$

  2. $\displaystyle 2NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { 2NO } _{ 2 }$

  3. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }O+2{ NO } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { HNO } _{ 2 }+{ HNO } _{ 3 }$

  4. $\displaystyle NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NO } _{ 2 }$

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$\displaystyle NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NO } _{ 2 }$ is the incorrect equation as it is not balanced. 

What is the pH of acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. 5.8

  2. 5.5

  3. 4.2

  4. 3.8

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.
 A decrease in pH values from 5.0 to 4.0 means that the acidity is 10 times greater.

Suspended particulate matter like __________ emitted from industries causes yellowing of marble.

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. dust particles

  2. acidic gases

  3. soot particles

  4. all of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Industries like Mathura Oil refinery near Agra emits certain suspended particulate matter like soot particles. This results in yellowing of marble of the monument.

Which of the following is correct about acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Rain which is acidic in nature

  2. Rain which is basic in nature

  3. Rain which is neutral in nature

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When oxides of sulphur and nitrogen which are emitted by the industries, react with the moisture present in the atmosphere, they form acids.

Thus, these acids reduce the pH of the rain falling on the Earth and hence acid rain is acidic in nature.
It's pH acid  rain is 5.5
Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Which of the following statements is true about acid rain? 

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Acid rain will erode marble statues

  2. Acid rain can change the pH of lakes and streams

  3. Acid rain can be formed from carbon dioxide

  4. Acid rain creates holes in the ozone layer

  5. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Acid rain is caused due to oxides of nitrogen and sulphur reacting with water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other chemicals present high in the atmosphere resulting into acidic pollutants.

As a result of this, $pH$ of rainwater lowers down to $5$ resulting in $pH$ change of lakes and streams.
It also reacts with calcium carbonate present in the marbles causing weathering. 
The oxides of sulphur may also react with $O _3$ present in ozone, thus depleting the ozone layer. Hence all the given statements are correct

Ozone is an air pollutant that is a major component of:

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. smog

  2. smoke

  3. dust

  4. dirt particles

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

At ground level, ozone is an air pollutant that is a major component of smog which is dangerous for both humans and plants. Long-term ozone exposure has also been shown to reduce life expectancy. 

Acid rain is caused by emissions of:

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. sulphur dioxide

  2. nitrogen dioxide

  3. both $A$ and $B$

  4. hydrogen

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. 

Over a number of years the average pH of a stream changes from a pH of 6.9 to a pH of 5.9 due to acid rain. Which statement is true about the pH of the stream?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. The pH of the stream now is one times more acidic than it was years ago

  2. The stream now has 10 times more hydroxide ions than it did years ago

  3. The pH of the stream is now 10 times more acidic than it was years ago

  4. The stream is more basic now than it was years ago

  5. The concentration of hydronium ion in the stream has decreased over the years

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Over a number of years the average pH of a stream changes from a pH of 6.9 to a pH of 5.9 due to acid rain. The pH of the stream is now 10 times more acidic than it was years ago.
Years ago, the pH was 6.9. The present day pH is 5.9. The change in pH is
$\displaystyle  = \Delta pH= 5.9-6.9 = -1$
The corresponding change in hydrogen ion concentration is:
$\displaystyle 10^{-\Delta pH}= 10^{-(-1)} = 10$