Tag: harmful microorganism for humans

Questions Related to harmful microorganism for humans

An endogenous chemical agent of disease is 

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. Uric acid

  2. Protein deficiency

  3. Vitamin deficiency

  4. Pollutants

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Endogenous chemical agents are those that originate from within the organism, tissue or cell. Endogenous chemical agents and genetic mutations are collectively called intrinsic or internal factors affecting human health. The diseases caused by intrinsic factors are called organic or metabolic diseases. Chemicals which may be endogenous are urea, uric acid, hormones and enzymes. Uric acid is produced within the body of human beings and if it does not get eliminated by kidneys, then it may result in a serious disease known as gout which is due to the accumulation of uric acid in joints.

So, the correct answer is 'Uric acid'.

Type I and Type II diabetes differ from one another in that

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. Type I reduce body weight and type II increases body weight

  2. Type I does not produce diabetic ketoacidosis while type II produces it

  3. Type I increases body weight and type II reduces body weight

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Non-infectious disease is a kind of disease which are not caused by pathogens. Instead they are caused by lifestyle factors, environmental toxins or gene mutations.

Non communicable disease is a non-infectious  half condition that does not spread from person to person, bot lasts for longer period of time.
Eg. of Non-infectious non communicable diseases are cancer, asthma, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, Diabetes, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, etc
Diabetes is a disease in which the body cannot produce enough insulin, hormone that regulates blood sugar. There are two main types of diabetes-

Type 1 diabetes - Person suffering from type 1 diabetes does not produce insulin. People with type 1 diabetes may experience irritability and mood changes and unintentionally weight loss. Type 1 diabetes is called juvenile onset diabetes, as it often begin in childhood.

Type 2 diabetes - Person suffering from type 2 diabetes does not produce enough insulin. Type 2 diabetes is called adult onset diabetes. Factor contributing is excess weight, inactivity, genetical and environmental factor

Hence the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes is type 1 reduces body weight whole as type 2 increases body weight.

A man suffering from diabetes mellitus drinks water more frequently as he has to eliminate from the blood extra:

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. salts

  2. glucose

  3. insulin

  4. glucagon

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Diabetes mellitus is commonly known as diabetes.
  • It is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
  •  Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. 
  • When you have diabetes, excess sugar (glucose) builds up in your blood. If your kidneys can't keep up, the excess sugar is excreted into your urine, dragging along fluids from your tissues. Hence, A man suffering from diabetes mellitus drinks water more frequently as he has to eliminate from the blood extra glucose.
So, the correct answer is 'glucose'.

Metabolic reactions tak place

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. In vitro

  2. In vivo

  3. Both (a) an d(b)

  4. Only in unicellular organisms

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Metabolic reactions are those chemical reactions through which a complex substance break into smaller molecules and produces the energy which helps in completing the life cycle of an organism. Metabolic reactions can take place in a living system e.g. digestion and respiration in the living organism. metabolic reactions also take place in an isolated cell-free system e.g. reactions take place in the test tube. Metabolic reactions take place in unicellular as well as multicellular organisms.

So, the correct answer is  ' Both (a) an d(b) '

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given:

List-I List-II
A. Malaria 1. Bone marrow
B. Filaria 2. Brain
C. Encephalitis 3. Muscle
D. Leukaemia 4. Lymph node
5. Blood cells
zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1

  2. A - 5, B - 4, C - 2, D - 1

  3. A - 5, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1

  4. A - 5, B - 4, C - 1, D - 2

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
 A. Malaria  Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic single-celled microorganisms belonging to the Plasmodium group. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. The disease is most commonly transmitted by an infected female Anopheles mosquito. The mosquito bite introduces the parasites from the mosquito's saliva into a person's blood. The parasites travel to the liver where they mature and reproduce. Five species of Plasmodium can infect and be spread by humans. So the correct option is 'blood cells'.
 B. Filaria  Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms of the Filarioidea type. These are spread by blood-feeding black flies and mosquitoes. This disease belongs to the group of diseases called helminthiases. Lymphatic filariasis  is caused by the worms Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. These worms occupy the lymphatic system, including the lymph nodes; in chronic cases, these worms lead to the syndrome of elephantiasis.So the correct option is 'lymph node'.
 C. Encephalitis  
 D. Leukaemia  Leukemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells. These white blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells. Symptoms may include bleeding and bruising problems, feeling tired, fever, and an increased risk of infections. These symptoms occur due to a lack of normal blood cells. Diagnosis is typically made by blood tests or bone marrow biopsy.So the correct option is 'bone marrow'.

Which chronic poisoning causes paralysis and difficulty in breathing?

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. Fluorine Poisoning

  2. Lead Poisoning

  3. Nox

  4. Sox

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Correct Option: B

Air borne substances causes allergies are known as

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. Lung disease

  2. Asthma

  3. Flocculation

  4. Aeroallergens

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Tetanus is caused due to

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. bacteria

  2. virus

  3. protozoan

  4. helminthes worm.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Tetanus (lockjaw) is an acute infectious disease, affecting the nervous system, caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Infection occurs by contamination of wounds by bacterial spores.

Match the diseases / causative organism with its scientist given in list I and II correctly.

List I List II
A Gonorrhea 1 Eberth
B Typhoid 2 Klebs
C Diphtheria 3 Van Ermengem
D Dysentery 4 Shiga
E Botulism 5 Neisser
zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5

  2. A - 5, B - 1, C - 2, D - 4, E - 3

  3. A - 1, B - 3, C - 2, D - 4, E - 5

  4. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 5, E - 4

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae was first discovered by Alber Neisser in 1879.
  • In 1880, Eberth described a bacillus that he suspected was the cause of typhoid.
  • Diphtheria was discovered and identified by German bacteriologists Edwin Klebs and Friedrich Löffler in 1883.
  • Kiyoshi Shiga was the first to describe the bacterial origin of dysentery.
  • Emile Pierre- van Ermengem isolated the Clostridium botulinum bacteria (the bacterium that causes botulism).
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

The diseases caused by defects that are present right from the birth are known as

zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

  1. hereditary diseases

  2. hormonal diseases

  3. genetic diseases

  4. congenital diseases

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Congenital diseases are anatomical or physiological abnormalities present since birth, e.g., haemophilia, colour blindness, sickle-cell anaemia, Down's syndrome, Turner's syndrome.