Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Darwin

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Believed that organisms could pass on acquired changes to offspring

  2. Worked out the mechanism of evolution by natural selection

  3. Was the first person to realize that organisms can evolve

  4. Was eager to publish his theory so that he could get all the credit

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Charles Darwin was born in 1809. In 1831, he accepted an unpaid post of naturalist on a survey ship in which he spent five years in sea charting the East Coast of South America. During his five-week stay on Galapagos island, he noticed characteristic distribution of species of finches. After collecting a lot of information, Darwin began to realise that under the conditions of intense competition between members of a population, any variation that favours survival in a particular environment, would increase the ability of the individual to reproduce and leave fertile offspring. The variations which are less favourable would decrease the chances of survival of the individual. With this data, Darwin formulated a theory of evolution by 'natural selection' in 1839.
So, the correct answer is 'Worked out the mechanism of evolution by natural selection'.

The theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin is known as ________.

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Theory of natural selection

  2. Synthetic theory of evolution

  3. Lamarckism inheritance

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The theory of evaluation proposed by Charles Darwin is known as theory of natural selection. It considers natural selection as one of the basic mechanisms of evolution, which is the gradual change in the trait of an organism by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring and the individuals that are poorly adapted to their environment are less likely to survive and reproduce, may become extinct.
So, the correct option is 'Theory of natural selection'.

According to Darwin, adaptive ability is :-

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Acquired

  2. Mutation

  3. Inherited

  4. Branching descent

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Some individuals are better adapted to survive in new environment as the adaptive ability is transmitted to next generation as it has a genetic basis and is selected by nature. Branching descent and natural selection are the two basic points in Darwinian Theory of evolution.
So the correct answer is 'Branching descent'.

Darwin was influenced by Malthus who in 1798, wrote that human population increases.............
Whereas their resources increases..............

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. at 0 percent rate, at 0 percent rate

  2. exponentially, arithmetically

  3. exponentially, geometrically

  4. arithmetically, geometrically

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • The human population increases exponentially when the resources are unlimited according to Darwin.
  • Unlimited resources are the ones that increases arithmetically.
So, the correct answer is 'Exponentially, Arithmetically'

Which of the following is not related to the Darwin's theory of Evolution

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. All living organisms of a group are not identical.

  2. Variations may be passed from parent to off-spring

  3. Evolution is a slow and continuous process.

  4. Population do not grow in geometrical progression

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In 1859, Charles Darwin in his book 'Origin of species' stated the 'theory of evolution'. in this theory he has stated that no two individuals are the same but they have variations which help them in survival. This is called a natural selection. According to his theory, evolution is a slow and continuous process as it creates variation among individuals, these variations may or may not be passed among the offsprings. He had not explained the population growth and the phylogeny of an individual.

So, the correct option is 'Population do not grow in geometrical progression'. 

In Galapagos islands, Drawin observed variation in structure in

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Elephants

  2. Giraffies

  3. Rats

  4. Finch birds

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Darwin developed a theory of biological evolution in which by observing a different type of finches in the Galapagos islands. He observed 15 species of passerine birds and they varied island to island. This observation helped him to give a theory on natural selection and that lead to evolution to Finch species. 

So the correct answer is ' Finch birds ' 

In Galapagos islands, Darwin observed variations in structures in

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Elephants

  2. Giraffies

  3. Rats

  4. Finch birds

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
In the Galapagos Islands, Darwin observed that there were many varieties of small black birds, later called finches were present. All those varieties evolved on the island itself ranging from being seed-eating nature to become insectivorous, fruit eaters etc 
So, the correct option is 'Finch birds'

Mass extinctions which occurred in different eras can be explained on the bases

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Darwin's theory

  2. Lamarck's theory

  3. Both A and B

  4. None

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Who did an experiment to prove that "The organic compounds were the basis of life"?

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Darwin

  2. Stanley Miller and Harold C. Urey

  3. Melvin

  4. Fox

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Darwin was most influenced by research work of 

biology evolution of life darwinism or theories of natural selection darwin's theory of evolution theories of evolution

  1. Wallace

  2. Spencer

  3. Malthus

  4. Weismann

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Charles Darwin was influenced by Thomas Robert Malthus, a late-eighteenth century economist. Malthus wrote "Essay on the Principle of Population" (1798), which Darwin read and was inspired by. The central theme of Malthus' work was that population growth would always overpower food supply growth, creating perpetual states of hunger, disease and struggle. The natural, ever-present struggle for survival caught the attention of Darwin and he extended Malthus' principle to the evolutionary scheme.