Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Procambium is situated just behind apical meristem. Procambium gives rise to 

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Primary vascular bundle

  2. Fascicular cambium

  3. cork cambium

  4. Both (1) and (2)`

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Correct Option: A

Ram wanted to see the internal structure of a plant stem. He took the transverse section of the stem and observed under the microscope. He saw a number of cells arranged in 3-4 layers of parenchyma cells, followed by pericycle. To which tissue system do these parts belong?

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Vascular tissue system

  2. Ground tissue system

  3. Epidermal tissue system

  4. Meristematic tissue

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  1. Vascular tissue system includes xylem and phloem and helps in food and water conduction.
  2. Ground tissue system mainly consists of simple tissues such as parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Parenchyma is usually present in cortex, pericycle, pith and medullary ray.
  3. Epidermal tissue system forms the outer -most covering of the complete plant body. Stomata are present here.
  4. Meristematic tissue contributes to the primary growth of the plant and includes apical and intercalary meristems.
So the correct option is "Ground tissue system".

The continuity of protoplasm from cell to cell is maintained through

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Stomata

  2. Tracheids

  3. Vessels

  4. Plasmodesmata

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plasmodesmata are the cytoplasmic thread that connects the cell wall of the two neighbouring cells which helps in intercellular transport or exchange of materials.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following is a surface fiber?

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Flax

  2. Cotton

  3. Sunn hemp

  4. Manila hemp

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The textile fibers are grouped as surface, soft and hard fibers.  

Cotton is the surface fiber of Gossypium. It is extracted from mature capsule of cotton plant. 
Flax is soft fiber of Linum usitatissimum. It is less elastic than cotton and is used in textile industries. 
Manila hemp is buff coloured hard fiber, which is obtained from leaf sheath of Musa taxtilis and is used in pulp industry. 
Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) is a legume, which yields soft, lignified fibers from its stem, which is utilized in the manufacturing of pulp and paper. 

Specialized parenchyma cells which store tannins, oils and crystals of calcium oxalate are called

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Sclereids

  2. Idioblasts

  3. Stone cells

  4. Conjunctive tissue

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Parenchymatous tissues are readily used for storage of various cells like food, air and chlorophyll. An idioblast is atype of parenchyma tissue which mainly  performs various functions such as storage of reserves, excretory materials, pigments, and minerals. They contain oil, latex, gum, resin, tannin or pigments, poisonous calcium oxalate or carbonate or silica. Idioblasts are divided into three main categories: excretory, tracheoid, and sclerenchymatous.

Mesarch xylem is common in

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Ferns

  2. Bryophytes

  3. Dicots

  4. Monocots

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Mesarch is used when there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root and the xylem develops from the middle of a strand in both directions. The metaxylem is thus on both the peripheral and central sides of the strand with the protoxylem between the metaxylem (possibly surrounded by it). 
The leaves and stems of many ferns have mesarch development.

Laticiferous vessels are found in

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Xylem tissue

  2. Phloem tissue

  3. Cortex

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Lacticiferous vessels are found in plants that produce latex. Laticifers are connected longitudinally to form long chains of coenocytic cells. Laticifers or lacteal ducts are located in the cortex and are specialized type of parenchymatous cells.
So, the correct answer is 'Cortex'

The complex tissues include

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Scleroids

  2. Sclerenchyma

  3. Secretory tissues

  4. Collenchyma

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Vascular tissue is also called as complex tissue. It is heterogeneous in nature with different types of cells. The chief elements are xylem, phloem and pericycle. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Amphiphloic (bicollateral) condition of stele means, that

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Phloem is surrounded by xylem

  2. Phloem is on both sides of xylem

  3. Phloem is internal to xylem

  4. Phloem is external to xylem

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In a stele, if phloem is both external and internal to xylem, it is called as bicollateral, as found in leaves mostly and in a few stems. This can be seen in Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae family.

Conducting part of phloem, according to Haberlandt (1914) is 

special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

  1. Hadrome

  2. Leptome

  3. Stem

  4. Bark

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Leptome is actually a phloem. The term was given by Haberlandt. It is responsible for conduction of organic substances.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.