Tag: kidney

Prolactin (PRL), also known as luteotropic hormone or luteotropin, is a protein, that in humans is best known for its role in enabling female mammals to produce milk. Prolactin is a single-chain protein hormone. It is secreted by the lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis).

In women, FSH hormone stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in the ovary, before the release of an egg from one follicle at ovulation. It also increases oestradiol production. 

Acromegaly is the abnormal growth of the hands, feet, and face. It is caused when there is oversecretion of growth hormone (GH) in adulthood. Similarly, oversecretion of growth hormone in childhood causes Gigantism. 

The adrenal gland is known as 4S gland. 4S stands for the source of energy, sugar metabolism, salt retention and sex hormones. 

The urinary system produces urine (nitrogenous water) and serves to excrete it to outside the body. Lymphatic system serves in fluid balance, fat absorption and defense. The circulatory system serves in exchange of nutrients and oxygen for waste and carbon dioxide respectively. Respiratory system serves to allow entry of oxygen from the air into blood and exit of carbon dioxide from blood to the air. The integumentary system covers the entire surface of the human body and serves as a barrier, site for waste elimination and temperature control. 

The hindbrain is the lowermost or rearmost region of the brain that bridges the brain with the spinal cord and includes the medulla oblongata, pons and cerebellum. It is also called the rhombencephalon.  

Arbor vitae which is the largest white matter present in the center of the cerebellum. It is so called for its branched, tree-like appearance. It is important in the coordination of the arms, legs and any actions requiring hand-eye coordination. Hence, the correct answer is option A.

The arbor vitae is the cerebellar white matter, so called for its branched, tree-like appearance. It resembles a fern and is present in both cerebellar hemispheres. It brings sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum. It is located deep in the cerebellum. So, the correct answer is option B.

Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and well developed in humans. It plans, thinks, judges, and organised speech and information. It consists of two hemispheres, left and right connected by corpus callosum. 

The lateral ventricles are part of the ventricular system of the brain. Both cerebral hemispheres contain a lateral ventricle. The lateral ventricles are the largest of the ventricles.