Tag: physics

$\alpha -ray$ is the sub atomic particles and their associated energy that are released during the decomposition of the unstable nuclei are referred to as radiation-

visible light, infrared and ultraviolet radiation cannot be used for communication.

Infrared waves are generally used to transmit information from remote controls.

Visible light is generally used for photography

Microwaves are used to transmit satellite television and for mobile phones.

Electromagnetic radiation is classified into types according to the frequency of the wave. These types include, in order of increasing frequency, radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.
The frequency is the inverse of wavelength. Hence, in the order of increasing wavelength, the waves are Gamma rays ($<1nm$), X-rays ($1-{ 10 }nm$), infra red rays ($700-{ 10 }^{ 5 }nm$), micro waves (${ 10 }^{ 5 }-{ 10 }^{ 8 }nm$), radio waves (${ >10 }^{ 8 }nm$).
Therefore, gamma rays has a wavelength of $0.01 \mathring{A}$.

The electromagnetic wave which helps in the study of structure of crystals is X-rays.
If a beam of x rays is passed through a crystal, it makes a pattern on a photographic plate. The pattern is called crystallogram (the arrangement of the atoms each crystal has its own crystallogram). It reveals the crystal`s internal structure. 

Electromagnetic radiation is classified into types according to the frequency of the wave. These types include, in order of increasing frequency, radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.
The frequency is the inverse of wavelength. Hence, in the order of increasing wavelength, the waves are Gamma rays ($<1nm$), X-rays ($1-10nm$), infra red rays ($700-{ 10 }^{ 5 }nm$), micro waves (${ 10 }^{ 5 }-{ 10 }^{ 8 }nm$), radio waves (${ >10 }^{ 8 }nm$).
Therefore, X-rays has a wavelength of $50 \mathring{A}$.

Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from as long as one meter to as short as one millimeter; with frequencies between 300 MHz (0.3 GHz) and 300 GHz. This broad definition includes both UHF and EHF (millimeter waves), and various sources use different boundaries. 
Microwave technology is extensively used for point-to-point telecommunications (i.e. non-broadcast uses). Microwaves are especially suitable for this use since they are more easily focused into narrower beams than radio waves, allowing frequency reuse; their comparatively higher frequencies allow broad bandwidth and high data transmission rates, and antenna sizes are smaller than at lower frequencies because antenna size is inversely proportional to transmitted frequency. Microwaves are used in spacecraft communication, and much of the world's data, TV, and telephone communications are transmitted long distances by microwaves between ground stations and communications satellites.

X-rays is a form of electromagnetic radiation. Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from $0.01$ to $10$ nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (${ { 3\times 10 }^{ 16 }\ Hz\ to\ 3\times 10 }^{ 19 }Hz$) and energies in the range 100 eV to 100 keV.
Hence, the rays or waves of $0.1 nm$ is X-rays.

Johann Ritter decided to place silver chloride in the area just beyond the violet end of the spectrum, in a region where no sunlight was visible. To his amazement, he saw that the silver chloride displayed an intense reaction well beyond the violet end of the spectrum, where no visible light could be seen. This showed for the first time that an invisible form of light existed beyond the violet end of the spectrum. This new type of light, which Ritter called Chemical Rays, later became known as ultraviolet light or ultraviolet radiation (the word ultra means beyond).
Hence, the radiation which can be detected by a solution of silver chloride is Ultraviolet radiation.