Tag: physics

Questions Related to physics

Which of the following applications is not based on use of ICs?

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. Microprocessor chip.

  2. Laptops and personal computers.

  3. Mobile phones.

  4. Transformers.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Microprocessor chip, laptops and personal computer and mobiles phones, all have IC based design which makes them small and relatively cheaper.

Transformers have the conventional circuits because of their high power requirement which cannot be handled by ICs.

The order of size of an IC is:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. $10^{-3} - 10^{-1} m$

  2. $10^{1} - 10^{3} m$

  3. $10^{-1} - 10^{1} m$

  4. $10^{-9} - 10^{-6} m$

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An integrated circuit is an electronic circuit formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which performs the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. Their main advantage is the small size of the circuit, which is of the order of $10^{-3}m$ to $10^{-1}m$.

Use of ICs has lead to an increase in speed of PCs. Current processor speeds in personal computers is of the order of:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. $kHz$

  2. $MHz$

  3. $GHz$

  4. $THz$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

An integrated circuit is a circuit in which all or some of the circuit elements are inseparably associated and electrically interconnected so that it is considered to be indivisible for the purposes of construction and commerce. These have revolutionized the electronic industry by increasing the processing speed of computers by making them reach in order of GigaHertz.

Integrated circuit is defined as:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. a single electronic circuit on a small plate of semiconductor material.

  2. a set of electronic circuits on one small plate of semiconductor material.

  3. a circuit capable of generating dc currents.

  4. a plate of semiconductor material used to connect external multiple circuits

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An 'integrated circuit' is an electronic circuit formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which performs the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. It is also called a chip or microchip.

The device that can act as a complete electronic circuit is -

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. Junction diode

  2. Integrated circuit

  3. Junction transistor

  4. Zener diode

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Integrated circuit is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece of semiconductor material, normally silicon. So, it forms a complete electronic circuit.

According to Moore's Law:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. The memory capacity of a chip is constant.

  2. The memory capacity of a chip doubles every one and a half-years.

  3. The memory capacity of a chip increases by ten times every one and a half-years.

  4. The memory capacity of chip decreases with time.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Moore's law states that the number of transistors in per square inch of an IC would be doubled after every two or one and a half years i.e. the memory capacity of a chip doubles every one and a half years.

Production of ICs is preferred in industrial scales because:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. it reduces the cost of production.

  2. it makes the task of fabrication of a circuit easier.

  3. it improves the efficiency of the circuit.

  4. specifications of a circuit is same for all applications.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Integrated circuits are electronic circuits formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which perform the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. They are compact, and cheap and fast and more efficient than conventional circuits. Due to their low cost of production on large scales they are produced on industrial scale.

Which of the following is an advantage of a conventional circuit over integrated circuit?

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. They are fast.

  2. They have higher power handling capability.

  3. They are large in size.

  4. All of the above.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Integrated circuits are electronic circuits formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, which perform the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components. They are compact, and cheap and fast and more efficient than conventional circuits, and hence they are preferred over them. However conventional circuits still have the advantage of high power handling capacity over the ICs.

Choose the correct statements:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. It is easier to fabricate $10000$ AND gates using circuit components than on an integrated chip.

  2. It is easier to fabricate $10000$ AND gates on an integrated chip than fabricating them using circuit components.

  3. It is easier to fabricate a single AND gate using circuit components as compared to on an IC.

  4. It is easier to fabricate a single AND gate on an IC as compared to using circuit components.

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Correct Option: B,C
Explanation:

Integrated chips have advantage when being used to fabricate a number of components at the same time. However when single component is being fabricated, it is advisable to fabricate components using circuit components instead of an Integrated Circuit.

Choose the correct statement:

physics semiconductors integrated circuits & microprocessor integrated chips semiconductor devices

  1. Integrated circuits are less efficient in performance at all voltages.

  2. Integrated circuits are more efficient in performance at low voltages.

  3. Integrated circuits are less efficient in performance at high voltages.

  4. Performance of an integrated circuit is independent of the magnitude of applied voltage.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Integrated circuits are used for low voltage applications. They are low power devices for use in application like microprocessor chips. 
For high voltage devices like transformers, conventional circuits are used.