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To answer this question, the user needs to know the definition of encapsulation. Encapsulation is a concept in object-oriented programming that refers to the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit, thus protecting the data from external access or modification.

Now, let's go through each option and explain why it is right or wrong:

A. reuse and modify existing modules of code: This option is partially correct. Encapsulation can make it easier to reuse and modify existing modules of code because it allows for code to be written in a modular and reusable way. However, this option only addresses the part of encapsulation that relates to code reuse and does not address its main purpose, which is to protect data from external access or modification.

B. write and read code by sharing method names: This option is incorrect. Encapsulation does not have anything to do with sharing method names. While encapsulation does bundle data and methods together, it is not done for the purpose of sharing method names.

C. hide and protect data from external code: This option is correct. Encapsulation is primarily used to hide and protect data from external code. By bundling data and methods together, encapsulation ensures that the data can only be accessed and modified through the methods provided by the encapsulated unit. This helps to prevent unintended modifications to data and increases the security of the code.

D. Both a and b: This option is incorrect. Option A is partially correct, but option B is incorrect. Thus, option D cannot be the correct answer.

E. All of the above: This option is incorrect. Option A is partially correct, but option B is incorrect. Option C is correct, but option A only addresses part of the purpose of encapsulation. Thus, option E cannot be the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

The Answer is: C. hide and protect data from external code.

To understand the concept of polymorphism, it's important to have knowledge of object-oriented programming and the principles of inheritance and method overriding. Polymorphism is a concept in object-oriented programming that allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. This concept enables different classes to have methods with the same name, but different implementations.

Now, let's go through each statement and explain whether it is true or false:

A. one method can have multiple names: This statement is false. In polymorphism, multiple methods can have the same name, but they must have different parameter lists or be defined in different classes.

B. one object can have multiple names: This statement is false. An object can have one name and can be referred to by a single reference variable.

C. many methods can share the same name: This statement is true. Polymorphism allows multiple methods with the same name but different parameter lists to be defined in different classes or even within the same class.

D. many objects can share the same name: This statement is false. Each object has a unique identity and is referred to by a specific reference variable.

E. None of the above statements are true: This statement is false. Statement C, "many methods can share the same name," is true.

So, the correct answer is C. Many methods can share the same name.

I hope this clarifies the concept of polymorphism for you. Let me know if you have any further questions.