Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

Which of the following is a human parasitic protozoan found in the mouth attacking gums and teeth? 

zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

  1. Entamoeba gingivalis

  2. Entamoeba coli

  3. Entamoeba histolytica

  4. Giardia intestinalis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Entamoeba gingivalis is a parasitic protozoan found in the mouth inside the gingival pocket biofilm near the base of the teeth and in periodontal pockets mostly in people with gum disease. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Which of the following protozoa is responsible for causing the disease leucorrhoea? 

zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

  1. Trichomonas vaginalis

  2. Leishmania

  3. Trypanosoma

  4. Giardia

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Leucorrhoea, commonly known as whites, refers to a whitish discharge from the female genitals caused by the presence of infection in vaginal tissues. 

Trichomoniasis is a vaginal infection caused by the protozoa, Trichomonas vaginalis. It can be found in both men and women. 
Trichomoniasis is usually transmitted by sexual intercourse, but is also transmitted by common washing of clothes, towels, bathing suits, underwear or any moist object. 
Usually the woman complains of a thin, yellow to grey vaginal discharge, which is often foamy and has an unpleasant odour. There may be some itching and redness noted around and inside the vagina. 

Excess nitrates in water cause problems for the Chesapeake Bay because

zoology diseases and immunity basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this?

  1. They cause excessive cellular respiration in plants and animals, resulting in a large amount of carbon dioxide production.

  2. They cause excessive bacteria growth resulting in too much oxygen which hurts photosynthesis in plants.

  3. They cause excessive algae growth, blocking sunlight and reducing oxygen when the algae dies.

  4. Nitrates are poisonous to fish, crabs, and oysters.

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Mark the correct statement about nitrification


(a) Nitrification is important is agricultural system.
(b) Nitrification increase nitrogen leaching.
(c) Plays important role in removal of nitrogen from municipal waste water.

zoology diseases and immunity basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this?

  1. a, b, c

  2. a, b

  3. a, c

  4. b, c

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Nitrification is a biological oxidation process includes convertion of Ammonia to Nitrate increases nitrogen leaching because nitrate is more water soluble than Ammonia.

In which of the following situations, there is a risk factor for children acquiring erythroblastosis foetalis?

zoology immunity and blood groups compatibility of blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance

  1. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh -ve.

  2. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh +ve.

  3. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh +ve.

  4. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh -ve.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Erythroblastosis fetalis also called hemolytic disease of the newborn, type of anemia in which the red blood cells (erythrocytes) of a fetus are destroyed in a maternal immune reaction resulting from a blood group incompatibility between the fetus and its mother. This happens during second pregnancy when the mother's immune system is already sensitized to Rh$^+$ antigens present on the blood cells of the foetus during the first pregnancy. The Rh gene being dominant, the feotus will be Rh$^+$ if anyone of the parent is Rh$^+$.
 So, the correct answer is "Mother is Rh-ve and father is Rh+ve."

In which of the following situations, is there a risk factor for children of incurring erythroblastosis foetalis?

zoology immunity and blood groups compatibility of blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance

  1. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh -ve.

  2. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh +ve.

  3. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh +ve.

  4. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh -ve.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

There are two main causes of erythroblastosis fetalis: Rh incompatibility and ABO incompatibility. Rh incompatibility occurs when a Rh-negative mother is impregnated by a Rh-positive father. The result can be a Rh-positive baby. In such a case, your baby’s Rh antigens will be perceived as foreign invaders, the way viruses or bacteria are perceived. Your blood cells attack the baby’s as a protective mechanism that can end up harming the child. If you’re pregnant with your first baby, Rh incompatibility isn’t as much of a concern. However, when the Rh-positive child is born, your body will create antibodies against the Rh factor. These antibodies will attack the blood cells if you ever become pregnant with another Rh-positive baby.


So, the correct option is 'Option B'.

Rh factor may be responsible for

zoology body fluids and circulation compatibility of blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance

  1. Turner's syndrome

  2. Accquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome

  3. Sickle cell anaemia

  4. Erythroblastosis foetalis

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Erythroblastosis foetalis is a disease of the new born which is caused by Rh incompatibilty. This happens when mother is Rh negative and the child she is bearing is Rh positive. Thus the Rh antigen of child can trigger the antibodies inside mother which can travel through circulation thus destroying foetus blood cells. Thus, correct answer is option D.

During the process of decomposition.

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. $CO _2$ is consumed and $O _2$ is released

  2. $O _2$ is consumed and $CO _2$ is released

  3. $CO _2$ is consumed and $H _2O$ is released

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Decomposition is the process that concerns breakdown of complex organic matter by decomposers to inorganic raw materials like carbon dioxide, water and various nutrients. Oxygen is required by aerobic bacteria for decomposition.

Decomposers are also called as.

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. Transducers

  2. Reducers

  3. Micro-consumers

  4. Both (b) and (c)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Decomposers are also called as reducers because they are able to remove or degrade the dead bodies of organisms and due to their small size they are known as microconsumers.

Given is a table of factors affecting microbial decomposition. ($'+'$ means 'favouring' and $'-'$ means inhibiting or lowering). Select the correct option.

zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

  1. High temperature- $+$, Lack of oxygen- $+$, Moist environment- $+$, Lignin and chitin in detritus- $-$

  2. High temperature- $+$, Lack of oxygen- $-$, Moist environment- $+$, Lignin and chitin in detritus- $-$

  3. High temperature- $-$, Lack of oxygen- $-$, Moist environment- $+$, Lignin and chitin in detritus- $-$

  4. High temperature- $-$, Lack of oxygen- $+$, Moist environment- $+$, Lignin and chitin in detritus- $-$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Decomposers and transformers are the living components of the ecosystem and they are fungi and bacteria. Decomposers attack the dead remains of producers and consumers and degrade the complex organic substances into simpler compounds. The simple organic matters are then attacked by another kind of bacteria, and transformers which change these organic compounds into the inorganic forms that are suitable for reuse by producers or green plants.
The factors affecting microbial decomposition: Temperature is an important factor in the biological of a compost heap. Low outside temperatures  during the winter months slow the decomposition process, while warmer temperatures speed it up. During the warmer months of the year, intense microbial activity inside the heap caused composting to proceed at extremely high temperatures. The high temperatures are beneficial to the gardener because they kill weed seeds and germs that could be detrimental to vegetation. The next holds at 100 °F for a while and different microbes predominate. Then finally, the ambient phase where the pleasant earthly odor originates and material has produced compost.
Lack of oxygen: Composting can be defined in the terms of availability of oxygen. Aerobic decomposition means  that the active microbes in the heap require  oxygen,  while in anaerobic decomposition, the active microbes do not require oxygen to live and grow. Temperature, moisture content, the size of bacterial populations, and availability of nutrients limit and determine how much oxygen your heap uses.
Moist environment: The amount of moisture in your heap should be as high as possible, while still allowing air to filter into the pore spaces for the benefit of aerobic bacteria. Individual bacterial hold various percentages of moisture in compost and determine the  amount of water that can be added.
lignin and chitin in detritus: Even, within same climatic conditions decomposition rate becomes slower, if the detritus is rich in lignin and chitin. The nitrogen-rich detritus, on the other hand, having low amounts of lignin, decomposes relatively rapidly.
So the correct option is 'high temperature +, lack of oxygen +, moist environment +, lignin and chitin in detritus-'.