Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

The adaptation shown by the bacterium Pseudomonas for metabolization of nylon is an example of

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Genetic variation

  2. Natural selection

  3. Neo-Lamarckism

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Pseudomonas is the genus of a bacterium. This bacterium was placed in the medium where only nylon was present. This resulted in the development of the bacterial species which was able to metabolize the nylon. The nylon was the only source of food available so, the organism adapted itself to feed on the nylon. This is an example of natural selection.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
(i) Increase in melanised moths after industrialisation in Great Britain is a proof for natural selection.
(ii) When more individuals of a population acquire a mean character value, it is called disruption
(iii) Changes in allelic frequency in a population will lead to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
(iv) Genetic drift changes the existing gene or allelic frequency in future generations.

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Only (ii) is correct

  2. Only (iv) is correct

  3. Both (i) and (iv) are correct

  4. Both (i) and (iii) are correct

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

When more individuals of a population acquire a mean character value, it is called stabilising selection. No change in allelic frequency in a population will lead to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

So, the correct option is 'Option C'.

State whether the following statements are true or false .
Boiled potato tuber cannot be used for potato osmoscope experiment

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

On boiling, most of the cells of the potato become dead. Due to this the cells become inactive and cannot undergo the process of osmosis. When there is no osmosis the water level inside the cavity of potato shows no change.

So, the given statement is true. 

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Fitness is an important concept in natural selection. Fitness is most properly a property of

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. an individual

  2. a genotype

  3. a species

  4. a phenotype

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Natural selection, the process that results in the adaptation of an organism to its environment by means of selectively reproducing changes in its genotype or genetic constitution.

So correct answer is B, a genotype

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
The offspring of better-adapted individuals are expected to make up a larger proportion of the next generation. The.most likely explanation is

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. genetic drift

  2. mutation

  3. natural selection

  4. gene flow

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

As the natural selection a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals with other traits. So correct answer is C, natural selection.

The peppered moth used to be a light colour with black spots. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light coloured moths were eaten by birds more readily. Within months, moths became darker and lighter moths were rare. After the Industrial revolution, light coloured moths were found in greater numbers. The given example can be related to 

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Adaptive radiation

  2. Natural selection

  3. Convergent evolution

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The given example is of natural selection. According to the theory of natural selection, nature supports the survival of the fittest. It means, only those individuals will survive who adapt themselves to the change in the environment. In the given case, moths changed their colour to adapt themselves according to the change in the environment. They were selected by the nature as fittest. So, the correct option is B.

Which of the following traits accounts for natural selection?

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Skeletal Adaptations

  2. Coloration

  3. Physiological traits

  4. All of the bove

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Natural selection is the one of the most accepted theory of evolution of species. According to this theory, nature supports the survival of the fittest who adapts according to the change in the environment. It was given by Darwin. He also said that a population will show change in genetic traits over many generations, that help it remain best suited to the environment. For example, skeletal adaptations of long neck in giraffe, change in colouration in peppered moth, physiological changes in humans to digest the cow's milk (lactose tolerance). So, the correct option is D.

Which of the following statement is incorrect ?

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. The biogenetic law stating 'Ontogeny repeats phylogeny ' was given by Von Baer.

  2. Auricular muscles in human beings are vestigial

  3. Tooth buds and gill clefts found in bird embryos are temporary embryonic structrues.

  4. Spiny and scaly anteaters show adaptive convergene

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The biogenetic law stating 'Ontogeny repeats phylogeny ' was given by Ernst Haeckel. Auricular muscles, wisdom teeth, appendix, tailbone, body hair are some vestigial organs in human beings. Embryos of some animals develop temporary non-functional embryonic structures which disappear before hatching. Tooth buds are examples of temporary embryonic structures found in bird embryos. Gill clefts are temporary embryonic structures found in embryos of land vertebrates. Spiny anteater and scaly anteater show adaptive convergence. These are not closely related but are adapted for the diet of ants, termites and other insects.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Choose the correct statement.

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable

  2. Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive.

  3. The black peppered moth during industrial revolution is related to natural selection.

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Darwin's Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. More individuals are produced each generation that can survive. Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable. Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive. There is also a naturally occurring genetic mutation which causes some moths to have almost black wings.

So, the correct answer is "All of the above".

Study the following statements regarding lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which are used to convert milk into curd.
(i) They produce adds that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins.
(ii) A small amount of curd added to the fresh milk as an inoculum contains millions of LAB, which at suitable temperature, multiply and convert milk into curd.
(iii) Conversion of milk into curd improves its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin $B _{12}$.
(iv) LAB may result in acidity in the stomach of human beings.
Which of the given statements are correct? 

zoology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products food production and microorganisms

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  4. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Microbes such as. Lactobacillus and others commonly called lactic acid bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it into curd. During growth, such bacteria produce adds (mainly lactic add) that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins. A small amount of curd, known as starter, is added to the milk and kept at a suitable temperature, where lactic acid bacteria multiply in millions and converts milk into curd that also improves its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin BI2. It also checks the growth of disease-causing microbes in the stomach.

So, the correct answer is '(i), (ii) and (iii)'