To answer this question, we need to understand the history and the Chola dynasty.
Option A) Rajendra I - This option is incorrect because Rajendra I, also known as Rajendra Chola I, was the son of Rajaraja Chola I and ascended to the throne after his father's death. His birth name was Rajendra Deva.
Option B) Parantaka I - This option is incorrect because Parantaka I, also known as Parantaka Chola I, was an earlier ruler of the Chola dynasty. His birth name was Parantaka Sundara Chola.
Option C) Rajaraja I - This option is correct because Rajaraja I, also known as Rajaraja Chola I, was a prominent ruler of the Chola dynasty. His birth name was Arumolivarman, and he ascended to the throne after the death of his father, Parantaka I.
Option D) Kulottunga I - This option is incorrect because Kulottunga I, also known as Kulottunga Chola I, was a later ruler of the Chola dynasty. His birth name was Vira Rajendra Chola.
Therefore, the correct answer is C) Rajaraja I. This option is correct because Rajaraja I bore the name Arumolivarman before ascending to the throne.