Tag: social science

After 1990, India saw the rise of regional political parties. This was also the beginning of the era of coalition government at the Centre. Since no single party got a clear majority in the Lok Sabha, the major national parties had to enter into an alliance with many parties including several regional parties to form a government at the Centre. This led to a new culture of power sharing and respect for the autonomy of State Governments. Thus, federal power-sharing is more effective today than it was in the early years after the Constitution came into force.

Sri Lankan communities are mainly composed of Sinhalese, Sri Lankan Tamils, Moors, Indian Tamils. Sinhalese make up 74.9% of population, Sri Lankan Tamils 11.1%, Moors which are descendants of Arabs 9.3% and Indian Tamils 4.1%. Conflicts have dominated the public life of Sri Lanka since 19th century, because of ethnic groups division of society. Option B is unrelated, hence the correct answer.  

 Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy. A democratic rule involves sharing power with those affected by its exercise, and who have to live with its effects. People have a right to be consulted on how they are to be governed. A legitimate government is one where citizens, through participation, acquire a stake in the system. 

European Union (EU) is comprised of 28 nations with its headquarter located in Brussels, Belgium. EU was created by Maastricht Treaty which came into force on 1st November 1993. The treaty was aimed at improving political, economic integration of European countries by creating a single currency Euro, common foreign and security policy. EU was awarded Nobel Prize for peace in 2012 for its efforts to promote peace and democracy in Europe.

The major social groups of the Sri Lanka are the "Sinhala speakers and Tamil Speakers

• Belgium constitution was amended four times between 1970 to 1993 to accommodate everyone to live together in the country.
•  The arrangement they worked out is different from any other country and is very innovative.
  
• For eg.  Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the central government. 
•  Many powers of the central government have been given to state governments of the two regions of the country. The state governments are not subordinate to the Central Government. 
  

Sri Lanka achieved its independence from British Empire on 4th February 1948 and became Dominion of Ceylon. It was then known as British Ceylon. Dominion status under British Commonwealth was for 24 years, later it turned into Republic of Sri Lanka on 22nd May 1972. D. S. Senanayake of United National Party (UNP) was the first Prime Minister of Ceylon. Option A 1948 is the correct answer.

In Belgium apart from the Central and the State Government, there is a third kind of government. This ‘community government’ is elected by people belonging to one language community – Dutch, French, and German-speaking – no matter where they live. This government has the power regarding cultural, educational and language-related issues. In Belgium, the leaders have realized that the unity of the country is possible only by respecting the feelings and interests of different communities and regions. Such a realization resulted in mutually acceptable arrangements for sharing power.