Tag: social science

Power sharing in any system is essential to prevent the misuse of the authority or power by concentrating in any one organ, department or person. Distribution of powers keep check on the functional authorities and keep every organ within checks and balances and ensure that given power is exercised in the best interests of people and nation. 

The term superpower means superiority in terms of political, economic and military status compared to other countries. The emergence of America and USSR as global superpowers was set in motion after the Second World War. There was a clash of opposing ideologies such as communism by USSR and capitalism by USA. The period up to 1991 saw cold war between these two countries, which ended by the collapse of USSR on December 25, 1991.   

Coalition is the association of political parties having same ideologies or same interest for the purpose of political strength and maximum representation. In coalition government power sharing is among and between different political parties that are part of the coalition and decision is taken by each and every political party part of the representation

Under Vertical power sharing, power sharing takes place among different levels of the government in the hierarchy. The lower organ works under the direction and supervision of the higher organ.

 Of the country’s total population, 59 percent lives in the Flemish region and speaks Dutch language. Another 40 percent people live in the Wallonia region and speak French. Remaining 1 per cent of the Belgians speak German. 

• Both linguistic and religious differences exist in Sri Lanka.
• Linguistic - Lankan Tamils and Sinhalese
• Religious- Buddhism, Muslim and Hinduism
  

Under Horizontal power sharing power is shared among different organs of the government namely Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. These organs works differently but at same footing. This kid of distribution of powers creates the system of checks and balances over the function of one organ by the other organ while entitling them to work in their  own spheres.

• Dutch and French are major communities in Belgium.
• 59% of Belgium population speaks Dutch.
• 1% of Belgium population speaks German.
• About 40% of Belgium population speaks French.

The origins of the Sri Lankan Civil War lie in the continuous political rancor between the majority Sinhalese and the minority Tamils, and the preference given to Sinhalese by the government in the policies enacted, especially the SInhala Only Act. Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the factors do not figure as the political reason, hence, incorrect.