Tag: organisation of commerce and management

Questions Related to organisation of commerce and management

The key word that can be used to describe the basic economic problem that all societies face is:

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. Selfishness

  2. Greed

  3. Inequality

  4. Scarcity

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Scarcity refers to the basic economic problem, the gap between limited – that is, scarce – resources and theoretically limitless wants.
Scarcity, or limited resources, is one of the most basic economic problems we face. Scarcity arises where resources are limited and where the wants of  society are unlimited. Hence it is required that the resources are efficiently allocated.

__________ comprises two decisions,viz.,
(i) Financial Planning and
(ii) Capital structure decision.

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. Investment decisions

  2. Financing decisions

  3. Dividend decisions

  4. All of above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Financing Decision is yet another crucial decision made by the financial manager relating to the financing-mix of an organization. It is concerned with the borrowing and allocation of funds required for the investment decisions.

The financing decision involves two sources from where the funds can be raised: using a company’s own money, such as share capital, retained earnings or borrowing funds from the outside in the form debenture, loan, bond, etc.

The objective of financial decision is to maintain an optimum capital structure, i.e. a proper mix of debt and equity, to ensure the trade-off between the risk and return to the shareholders.

Which of the following is not a function of budgeting?

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. Planning

  2. Motivating

  3. Decision making

  4. Controlling

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Following are the functions of budgeting:-

1. Accountability
2. planning 
3. Management 
4. Control
5.Motivating

What is the break-even point?

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. Cost received is more then revenue.

  2. Cost received is less then revenue.

  3. Gains are more then losses.

  4. The point where there is no gain no loss.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In simple words, the break-even point can be defined as a point where total costs (expenses) and total sales (revenue) are equal. Break-even point can be described as a point where there is no net profit or loss. The firm just “breaks even.” Any company which wants to make normal profit, desires to achieve the break-even point. Graphically, it is the point where the total cost and the total revenue curves meet.

Scope of financial management does not include ?

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. Financial decisions

  2. Investment decisions

  3. Dividend decisions

  4. Note of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
D) None of the above
Financial management includes :
  1. Financial decisions
  2. investment decisions
  3. Dividend decisions.

A firm can only issue debt or equity as a source of finance. It cannot issue both at the same time.

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

False.

Firm can issue equity and debt at the same time.
Debt financing is capital acquired through the borrowing of funds to be repaid at a later date. Common types of debt are loans. The benefit of debt financing is that it allows a business to leverage a small amount of money into a much larger sum, enabling more rapid growth than might otherwise be possible.
Equity financing refers to funds generated by the sale of stock.

Who formulated the following model for estimating the market price of equity share?
$P = \dfrac {D + \dfrac {R _{a}}{R _{c}}(E - D)}{R _{c}}$
Where, $P =$ Market price of equity share
$D = DPS$
$E = EPS$
$E - D =$ Retained earning per share
$R _{a} =$ Internal rate of return on investment
$R _{c} =$ Cost of capital.

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. Modigliani-Miller

  2. Myron-Gordon

  3. James E. Walter

  4. Clarkson and Elliot

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Professor James E. Walter that the choice of dividend policies almost always affects the value of the enterprise. His model shows clearly the importance of the relationship between the firm’s internal rate of return (r) and its cost of capital $(k)$ in determining the dividend policy that will maximize the wealth of shareholders.

Walter’s formula to calculate the market price per share (P) is:

$P=\cfrac {\cfrac {D}{k}+\cfrac {E-D}{k} \times r} {k}$

P = market price per share
D = dividend per share
E = earnings per share

Which one of the following is not among the assumptions of the Modigliani-Miller model?

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. Perfect capital market

  2. Equivalent risk classes

  3. Unity for dividend payout ratio

  4. Absence of taxes

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

According to Modigliani and Miller (M-M), dividend policy of a firm is irrelevant as it does not affect the wealth of the shareholders. They argue that the value of the firm depends on the firm’s earnings which result from its investment policy. 
Modigliani and Miller model is based on the following assumptions : 
1. The firm operates in perfect capital market.

2.The firm has a fixed investment policy.
3. Absence of taxes.
4. Risk of uncertainty does not exist. That is, investors are able to forecast future prices and dividends with certainty and one discount rate is appropriate for all securities and all time periods.

Dividend warrants must be posted within ______ days from the date of declaration of dividend.

functional area of management financial management nature and significance of management organisation of commerce and management business studies

  1. 24

  2. 34

  3. 30

  4. 45

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Correct Option: C

______ is not true for Press Release

organisation of commerce and management marketing mix promotion and promotional techniques pricing promotion meaning and objectives of pricing pricing strategies

  1. It should be brief

  2. It should be hand written

  3. It should be interesting

  4. It should be factual

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Correct Option: B