Tag: basics of water pollution

Questions Related to basics of water pollution

Which is correctly matched?
1. Arsenic poisoning- Black foot disease.
2. Secondary Effluent treatment- Biological process.
3. Pyrolysis- Solid soil waste disposal
4. Tubifex- Water pollution indicator
5. Biomagnification- Degradable pollutants

biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

  1. 1, 2, 3, 5

  2. 1, 3, 4, 5

  3. 2, 3, 4, 5

  4. 1, 2, 3, 4

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biomagnification refers to increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels. This happens because a toxic substance accumulated by an organism cannot be metabolised or excreted (non degradable), and is thus passed on to the next higher trophic level. This phenomenon is well known for mercury and DDT. Biological magnification often refers to the process whereby certain substances such as pesticides or heavy metals move up the food chain, work their way into rivers or lakes, and are eaten by aquatic organisms such as fish, which in turn are eaten by large birds, animals or humans. The substances become concentrated in tissues or internal organs as they move up the chain.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

A sewage treatment process in which a portion of the decomposer bacteria present in the waste is recycled into the beginning of the process, is called as

biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

  1. Primary treatment

  2. Tertiary treatment

  3. Activated sludge treatment

  4. Cyclic treatment

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The activated sludge process is a process for treating sewage and industrial wastewaters using air and a biological floc composed of bacteria and protozoa. Activated sludge refers to a mass of microorganisms cultivated in the treatment process to break down organic matter into carbon dioxide, water, and other inorganic compounds. 

The activated sludge process has three basic components: 
1) A reactor in which the microorganisms are kept in suspension, aerated, and in contact with the waste they are treating,
2) Liquid-solid separation and 
3) A sludge recycling system for returning activated sludge back to the beginning of the process. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

A natural disaster caused due to insufficient water for agriculture is called

biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

  1. flood

  2. draught

  3. famine

  4. forest fire

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Correct Option: C

The process of mixing chlorine in the water to kill the germs is  called

biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

  1. filtration

  2. chlorination

  3. purification

  4. distillation

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Correct Option: B

Dried sludge is used as

biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

  1. Manure

  2. Source for biogas

  3. fertilizers

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: A

Excess nitrates in water cause problems for the Chesapeake Bay because

zoology diseases and immunity basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this?

  1. They cause excessive cellular respiration in plants and animals, resulting in a large amount of carbon dioxide production.

  2. They cause excessive bacteria growth resulting in too much oxygen which hurts photosynthesis in plants.

  3. They cause excessive algae growth, blocking sunlight and reducing oxygen when the algae dies.

  4. Nitrates are poisonous to fish, crabs, and oysters.

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Mark the correct statement about nitrification


(a) Nitrification is important is agricultural system.
(b) Nitrification increase nitrogen leaching.
(c) Plays important role in removal of nitrogen from municipal waste water.

zoology diseases and immunity basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this?

  1. a, b, c

  2. a, b

  3. a, c

  4. b, c

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Nitrification is a biological oxidation process includes convertion of Ammonia to Nitrate increases nitrogen leaching because nitrate is more water soluble than Ammonia.

Study the following statements about ozone:
(a) It is essential for the breathing of living organisms.
(b) It is used to disinfect water.
(c) It absorbs ultraviolet rays.
(d) Its proportion of air is about 3%. Which of these statements are correct?

biology wastewater story personal and public cleanliness who will do this? basics of water pollution

  1. (a), (b) and (c) 

  2. (b) and (c)

  3. (a) and (d)

  4. All four 

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Ozone, or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula $O _3$. It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell.
  • Oxygen is essential for the breathing of living organisms. Hence statement (a) is incorrect.
  • Ozone is a powerful oxidant, stronger than chlorine. Ozone is used to disinfect, deodorize, decolourize and decompose organic substances in water. Hence Statement (b) is correct.
  • The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. Hence statement (c) is correct.
  • The proportion of ozone in the air is 0.000004%. Hence Statement (d) Is incorrect.
  • So, the correct answer is '(b) and (c)'.

Biogas is produced due to the .................. fermentation of the slurry of animals dung.

biology wastewater story personal and public cleanliness who will do this? basics of water pollution

  1. Pesticides

  2. Anaerobic

  3. Coal

  4. Methane

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Biogas is produced due to the anaerobic fermentation of the slurry of animals dung.
Microbial conversion of organic matter to methane has become attractive as a method of waste treatment and resource recovery. This process is anaerobic and is carried out by action of various groups of anaerobic bacteria.
Three basic points about this process are that most of the important bacteria involved in biogas production process are anaerobes and slow growing, a greater degree of metabolic specialization is observed in these anaerobic microorganisms and that most of the free energy present in the substrate is found in the terminal product methane. Since less energy is available for the growth of organism, less microbial biomass is produced and, consequently, disposal of sludge after the digestion may not be a major problem.

An example of water-borne disease is 

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  1. Scabies

  2. Influenza

  3. Trachoma

  4. Typhoid

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Correct Option: D