Tag: biotechnology and its applications

Questions Related to biotechnology and its applications

Which of the following is not used to transfer the recombinant DNA into the host?

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Micro-injection method

  2. Gene gun method

  3. Bioreactors

  4. Disarmed pathogen vectors

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Bioreactors are considered as vessels in which raw materials are biologically converted into specific products by microbes, plant and animal cells or their enzymes. To produce large quantities of these products, bioreactors are used where large volumes (100-1000 litres) of culture can be processed. Bioreactor provides the optimal conditions for obtaining the desired product by providing optimum growth conditions such as temperature, pH, substrate, vitamins, oxygen and salts.
So, the correct answer is 'Bioreactors'.

Read the following four statements (A-D).

A. The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched.
B. Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macromolecules.
C. Downstream processing is one of the steps of rDNA technology.
D. Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of rDNA into the host.

Which of the two statements have mistakes?

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. B and C

  2. C and D

  3. A and C

  4. A and B

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Correct Option: D

Which of the following is not a benefit of transgenic animals?

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Investigation of new treatments for diseases

  2. Early detection of diseases

  3. Testing the safety of vaccines

  4. To produce useful biological products

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Early diagnosis of disease cannot be done by transgenic animals but through techniques such as PCR and ELISA.

Inbreeding for five generations led to production of homozygous transgenic mice. However, these homozygous males or females were infertile. Which of the following approaches is most preferable and economical to obtain heterozygous transgenic animals continuously?

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. More transgenic founder (1st animal) should be generated.

  2. Crossing (breeding) of transgenic mice with wild type mice in earlier generations should be done for continued production of transgenic heterozygous offsprings

  3. Inbreeding should be avoided after 5th generation

  4. Homozygous transgenic mice should be mated with heterozygous transgenic mice for continued production of transgenic heterozygous offsprings.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Interbreeding of particular species for a larger amount of time causes the recessive traits to appear in the offspring and those result in infertility. Inbreeding is not recommended and cross-breeding is required. When the transgenic mice are inbred for very large duration infertility is caused.

To get heterozygous transgenic mice crossbreeding should be done with the wild-type.
So, the correct option is 'Crossing (breeding) of transgenic mice with wild type mice in earlier generations should be done for continued production of transgenic heterozygous offsprings'

Select the incorrect matched pair.

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Monoclonal antibodies - Hybridomas

  2. PCR - Phenylketonuria

  3. Bioweapons - Bacillus anthracis

  4. Tracy - First transgenic animal for food production

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Correct Option: D

A human protein which is obtained from transgenic animals and is used to treat emphysema is 

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Alpha-lactalbumin

  2. Thyroxine

  3. $\alpha-1$-antitrypsin

  4. Insulin.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A human protein which is obtained from transgenic animals and is used to treat emphysema is α−1-antitrypsin. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA which codes for particular product such as human proteins. 

So, the correct option is 'Option C' .

What is ANDi?

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Transgenic cow

  2. Transgenic dog

  3. Transgenic sheep

  4. Transgenic monkey

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

ANDi, is the first transgenic monkey. It has been named ANDi, the acronym of "inserted DNA". In this DNA of a fluorescent jellyfish was introduced into an unfertilised egg of a Rhesus monkey in a test tube.

95% of the existing transgenic animals are 

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Fish

  2. Pigs

  3. Sheep

  4. Mice

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Transgenic rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows and fish have been produced, althrough 95% of all existing transgenic animals are mice.

Given below are certain features of mice. Read them and select why mice is most preferred animal for studies on gene transfer.


(i) Short estrous cycle and gestation period
(ii) Relatively short generation time
(iii) Convenient in vitro fertilisation
(iv) Production of several offspring per pregnancy 

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. (i) and (ii) only

  2. (i) only

  3. (i), (ii) and (iv) only

  4. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mouse is the most preferred animal for studies on gene transfer due to many favourable features like short oestrous cycle and gestation period, relatively short generation time, production of several offspring per pregnancy, convenient in vitro fertilisation, successful culture of embryo in vitro, etc.

Giant mouse has been produced through

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Gene transfer

  2. Gene differentiation

  3. Tissue culture

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Transgenic mouse is larger because expression of the gene for human growth factor has been introduced into it.