Tag: biotechnology and its applications

Questions Related to biotechnology and its applications

Which of the following is a mismatch regarding the transgenic plant and its application?

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Golden rice $\Rightarrow$ Vitamin A enriched rice

  2. Flavr savr tomato $\Rightarrow$ Delay ripening

  3. Tobacco $\Rightarrow$ Herbicide resistant

  4. Bt corn $\Rightarrow$ Resistant to nematode

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In Tobacco because of  biotechnology, transgenic plants produced which have low nicotine in their leaves. 

Transgenic plants have been shown to express the genes of
I) Insulin
II) Interferons
III) Human growth hormones
IV) Antibodies
V) Antibiotics.

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. I, II, III, IV, V

  2. Except III, IV

  3. Except IV

  4. I, II, III only

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Correct Option: A

RNA i us used to control pests on which plant?

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Tobacco

  2. Mango

  3. Potato

  4. Poppy

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Correct Option: A

An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice?

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones

  2. Gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A

  3. Is completely resistant to all insect pests and disease of paddy

  4. Gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma

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Correct Option: A

Transgenic plants receive genes from which of the following organisms?

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Insects

  2. Bacteria

  3. Virus

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

There are several methods for introducing genes into plants, including:

  •     Infecting plant cells with plasmids as vectors carrying the desired gene.
  •     Shooting microscopic pellets containing the gene directly into the cell.
In contrast to animals, there is no real distinction between somatic cells and germline cells. Somatic tissues of plants, e.g., root cells grown in culture
  •     can be transformed in the laboratory with the desired gene;
  •     grown into mature plants with flowers.
If all goes well, the transgene will be incorporated into the pollen and eggs and passed on to the next generation.
In this respect, it is easier to produce transgenic plants than transgenic animals.
 Progress is being made on several fronts to introduce new traits into plants using recombinant DNA technology.
The genetic manipulation of plants has been going on since the dawn of agriculture, but until recently this has required the slow and tedious process of cross-breeding varieties. Genetic engineering promises to speed the process and broaden the scope of what can be done.

Transgenic plants of tomato having resistance to hornworm larvae are those which have

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Foreign resistant gene

  2. Mutated resistant gene

  3. Synthetic resistant gene

  4. Superimposed resistant gene

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Transgenic tomato plants expressing a truncated insect control protein gene from Bacillus thuringiensis were  protected from attack by tobacco hornworm, tobacco budworm and tomato fruit worm larvae. Filed tests involving transgenic tomato lines challenged with tobacco hornworm, tomato fruit worm and tomato pin worm were conducted for two years. These transgenic plants suffered only minor feeding damage from tobacco hornworm, while the untransformed controls were completely defoliated. The foreign gene present had made this possible.

A tumour inducing plasmid widely used in the production of transgenic plant is that of

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Escherichia coli

  2. Bacillus thuringiensis

  3. Staphylococcus aureus

  4. Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A tumor (crown gall) inducing plasmid widely used in the production of transgenic plants is Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Bacillus thuringiensis is used for the production of disease-resistant plants. Other 2 are disease-causing bacteria.

Transgenic plant of tobacco was mainly used to produce

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Antibody

  2. Enhance the tolerance to water stress

  3. Enhance flowering

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The tobacco plant was genetically modified by introducing a gene to produce antibodies. The plant was introduced with the gene for producing antibodies against the rabies virus which are similar to the antibodies produced in the humans. The antibodies from the plant can be purified and used as injections or vaccines. These vaccines help in providing immunity against the rabies virus. 

The tobacco plants can also be modified to survive under the conditions of stress. The plants can bear extreme conditions like water stress, salinity and heat stress. 
Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Glycerol-1-phosphate acyltransferase enzyme was extracted by

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Glycine max

  2. Arabidopsis

  3. Beta vulgaris

  4. Secale cereale

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Correct Option: B

Which of the following attributes can be improved in ornamental plants?

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Regulation of flowering

  2. Weed control

  3. Promotion of vegetative growth

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Ornamental plants are known for the decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects, as houseplants, for cut flowers and specimen display.
The regulation of flower can be improved in ornamental plants through physical alteration of day length or modification of hormone biosynthesis and metabolism.
Weeds can be controlled by resistance to a broad spectrum herbicide like glyphosate which would allow the protection of young plants from weed seedlings in new areas and prevent damage from spot- spraying of weeds in established beds.
The vegetative growth of the ornamental plants can be promoted by using various growth regulators.
So, the correct answer is option D.