Tag: coordination in human beings- chemical control

Questions Related to coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone responsible for the regulation of metabolism
of calcium and phosphorus is secreted by

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Thyroid

  2. Parathyroid and thyroid both

  3. Thymus

  4. Pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Parathyroid and thyroid hormones regulates the amount of calcium and phosphate in extra cellular fluid. It promotes the absorption of calcium from food in intestine, it accelerates elimination of phosphates in urine.

Coordinator between nervous and endocrine systems is 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Thalamus

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Epithalamus

  4. Colliculus

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The coordination and integration in different organs of human body is maintained by nervous system and endocrine system. Nervous system is the system of nerve cells through which information is  carried between organs and organ systems. The organs where these nerve cells do not innervate are regulated by endocrine system which consists of endocrine glands secreting chemical messengers or hormones. Hence, nervous system and endocrine system work in a coordinated manner and this coordination is maintained by hypothalamus. Hypothalamus regulates many body functions and secrete many releasing and inhibiting hormones which stimulates synthesis or inhibition of hormones from pituitary gland. The hormones from pituitary gland then regulate hormones secretion from other endocrine glands.
So, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.

Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) is secreted by 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Hypothalamus

  2. Adenohypophysis

  3. Pars intermedia

  4. Neurohypophysis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) is secreted by hypothalamus. It stimulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland. TSH, also known as thyrotropin stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine hormone. Thyroxine increases the consumption of oxygen in metabolically active tissues and regulates metabolic rate of the body. Hyposecretion of TRH leads to hypothyroidism.
So, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.

Spot the wrong pair.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Corpus luteum - Progesterone

  2. Interstitial cells - Testosterone

  3. Hypothalamus - FSH

  4. Acrosome - Hyaluronidase

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Corpus luteum is the group of cells that forms in an ovary and is responsible for the production of the hormone progesterone.
  • Leydig cell or Interstitial cells are cells found adjacent to the seminiferous tubule that secretes testosterone.
  • Hypothalamus secretes GnRH which in turns stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete FSH.
  • Acrosome is the upper portion of the sperm and releases hyaluronidase.
  • Thus, the correct answer is (C).

Somatostatin 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Stimulates glucagon release and inhibits insulin release

  2. Stimulates release of insulin and glucagon

  3. Inhibits release of insulin and glucagon

  4. Inhibits glucagon release and stimulates insulin release

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Somatostatin is secreted from hypothalamus and inhibits the release of growth hormone from pituitary gland. It is also produced in pancreas. Pancreas have three types of cells:
  1. Alpha cells: secrete glucagon which increases blood glucose level
  2. Beta cells: secrete insulin which decreases blood glucose level
  3. Delta cells: secrete somatostatin which inhibit secretion of glucagon and insulin.
So, the correct answer is 'Inhibits release of insulin and glucagon'.

Somatostatin (GHIH) is secreted by

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Pituitary

  2. Thyroid

  3. Pineal

  4. Hypothalamus

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Pituitary gland is the master gland that regulates the activity of other endocrine glands and secretes many hormones like growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone etc.
B. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
C. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones.
D. Hypothalamus is present in the forebrain. This gland secretes hormones that regulate the synthesis and secretion of hormones of pituitary gland. 
Somatostatin, also known as GHIH (Growth hormone inhibiting hormone) is secreted from hypothalamus and inhibits the release of growth hormone from pituitary gland.
So, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.

Which of the following statements is false

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Hind brain contains medulla, pons and cerebellum

  2. Thalamus is an important sensory relay structure

  3. Cerebral cortex in humans is folded into convolutions

  4. Hypothalamus has an important role in recognising and experiencing

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Somatostatin is produced by

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Adenohypophysis

  2. Neurohypophysis

  3. Pineal gland

  4. Basal part of diencephalon and Pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Somatostatin is known as growth hormone-releasing inhibiting hormone. It inhibits the release of growth hormone from pituitary gland. Growth hormone stimulates body growth. Somatostatin is secreted from hypothalamus which represents basal part of diencephalon in forebrain. It inhibits the secretion of other pancreatic hormones such as insulin and glucagon.
So, the correct answer is 'Basal part of diencephalon'.

What is the effect of GnRH produced by hypothalamus?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Stimulates the synthesis and secretion of androgens

  2. Stimulates secretion of milk in mammary glands

  3. Stimulates fetal ejection reflex

  4. Stimulates synthesis of carbohydrates from non-carbohydrates in liver

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH), stimulates the anterior lobe of pituitary gland(adenohypophysis) to secrete two gonadotropins, FSH and LH. In males LH stimulates the Leydig's cells of the testis to secrete androgens.

During danger, emotional or during struggle etc., secretion of which hormone increases ____________.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Vasopressin

  2. Oxytocin

  3. Abscissic acid

  4. Ethylene

Show answer
Correct Option: A