Tag: coordination in human beings- chemical control

Questions Related to coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following hormone stimulates the lipase activity?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. VIP

  2. Gastin

  3. Duocrinin

  4. GIP

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) or gastro inhibitory peptide, also known as the glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, is an inhibiting hormone of the secretin family of hormones. 
  • While it is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, its main role is to stimulate insulin secretion.  
  • It is synthesized by K cells, which are found in the mucosa of the duodenum and the jejunum of the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, the GIP  hormone stimulates the lipase activity
So, the correct answer is 'GIP'.

Increase in ........... hormone levels results in the sensation of hunger and motivation to consume food.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Leptin

  2. Ghrelin

  3. Nectin

  4. Calcitonin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A. Leptin is a hormone, made by fat cells, that decreases your appetite.
B. Ghrelin is a hormone that is produced and released mainly by the stomach with small amounts also released by the small intestine, pancreas, and brain. It has numerous functions. It is termed the 'hunger hormone' because it increases appetite, also plays a role in body weight.
C. The nectins, a family of four immunoglobulin superfamily members (nectin 1 to 4), interact through their extracellular domains to support cell-cell adhesion.
D. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels by suppressing osteoclast activity in the bones and increasing the amount of calcium excreted in the urine.
So, the correct answer is "Ghrelin".

Name the hormone whose secretion is stimulated by the acidic chyme in intestine.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. VIP

  2. GIP

  3. Duocrinin

  4. Gastrin

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Duocrinin is a postulated gastrointestinal hormone that is liberated by the contact of gastric contents with the intestine and that stimulates the secretory activity of the duodenal glands (Brunner glands). Hence, Duocrinin  the hormone whose secretion is stimulated by the acidic chyme in intestine.
So, the correct answer is 'Duocrinin'.

Match each item in Column I with one item in Column II and choose your answer from the codes given?

Column I Column II
I. Gastrin $1$. Gall bladder contraction
II. CCK $2$. Increased HCl secretion
III. Secretin $3$. Bicarbonate secretion from the pancreas
IV. GIP $4$. Insulin secretion.
zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. I-$1$, II-$2$, III-$3$, IV-$4$

  2. I-$2$, II-$1$, III-$4$, IV-$3$

  3. I-$2$, II-$1$, III-$3$, IV-$4$

  4. I-$1$, II-$2$, III-$4$, IV-$3$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Secretin stimulates the secretion of a bicarbonate-rich pancreatic fluid. Secretin enters the bloodstream or intestinal lumen and stimulates bicarbonate secretion (by interacting with pancreatic ductal cells), which neutralizes the pH of the gastric chyme upon entering the small intestine.
  • GIP  stimulates insulin secretion in response to a meal.
  • Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility.
  • Fatty acids in the lumen of the duodenum stimulate endocrine cells to release the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK stimulates contractions in the smooth muscle of the gallbladder.

So, the correct answer is 'I-2, II-1, III-3, IV-4'.

CCK and secretin is secreted by

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Stomach

  2. Ileum

  3. Duodenum

  4. Colon

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

CCK is cholecystokinin and secretin are released by duodenum cells and CCK acts upon gallbladder for the secretion of bile while secretin stimulates stomach and they both stimulate the pancreas to secrete enzymes and hydrogen bicarbonate that neutralize acidic chyme.

So the correct option is 'Duodenum'.

Which of the following is target organ of secretin hormone ?
a. Exocrine part of pancreas
b. Endocrne part of pancreas
c. Stomach
d. Liver

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. a, b, c & d

  2. a, c & d

  3. a only

  4. a & d

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands. Secretin primarily functions to neutralize the pH in the duodenum, allowing digestive enzymes from the pancreas (e.g., pancreatic amylase and pancreatic lipase) to function optimally. Secretin targets the pancreas; pancreatic centroacinar cells have secretin receptors in their plasma membrane.


So the correct option is 'a, c & d'.

Which of the following is the function of enterogastrone ?

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. It inhibits the secretion of gastric juice

  2. It stimulates the secretion of digestive juice in the stomach

  3. It stimulates the flow of pancreatic juice

  4. It regulates the flow of bile

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Point out the odd one:

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Cortiocotropin

  2. vasopressin

  3. Noradrenaline

  4. Prolactin

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Which of the following hormones has effect both on stomach and pancreas.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Secretin

  2. Cholecystokinin

  3. Gastrin

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hormones are the chemicals which transfer signal from one part to the other. There are several hormones which have an effect on the stomach, pancreas as well as liver, these hormones are as follows:

  • Secretin - It is secreted in the upper lining of the stomach and also released in the pancreas. These are responsible for the secretion in the stomach and pancreas and regulates acidity.
  • Cholecystokinin - It is produced by the lining of the wall of the stomach and stimulates gall bladder to release bile. It induces the production of digestive enzymes in pancreas through pancreatic juice.
  • Gastrin - It is produced by Gastrin cells also called as G - cells. It helps in the secretion of gastric juices in the stomach and pancreas.

So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Secretin.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Stimulates enzymes secretion by pancreas, inhibits acid secretion in stomach, stimulates gall bladder

  2. Stimulates bicarbonate secretion by pancreas, inhibits and secretion in stomach, stimulates bicarbonates secretion by liver

  3. Stimulates acid secretion in stomach, potentiates action of CCK, inhibits intestinal movement

  4. Stimulates gall bladder, inhibits acid secretion in stomach, stimulates bicarbonate secretion by pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: A