Tag: endocrine system in humans

Questions Related to endocrine system in humans

Hormones are called chemical signals that stimulate specific target tissues. Which is the correct location of these receptors in case of protein hormones?

biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Extracellular matrix

  2. Blood

  3. Plasma membrane

  4. Nucleus

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Hormones of protein nature binds to specific receptor molecules located on the plasma membrane to form the hormone receptor complex.

Hormone produced due to the effect of dietary lipids in the chyme, causes.

biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Relaxation of gall bladder

  2. Secretion of water, bicarbonate ions

  3. Inhibits gastro intestinal motility

  4. Constraction of sphincter of Oddi

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Correct Option: A

Which of these functions hormones perform in our body?

biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Regulation of cellular activities and influencing growth

  2. Regulation of intermediary metabolism

  3. Maintenance of homoeostasis

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • The functions of Hormones are : 
1. Hormones are produced by a specialized gland and are secreted directly into the bloodstream.
 2. Hormones are transported by the bloodstream from the endocrine cells to serve as ‘chemi­cal messenger’ which act on target cells or organs by regulating the rates of specific metabolic reactions. 
3. Hormones exert their effects not where they are locally produced, but on other tissues of the body. 
4. Hormones are required in very small amounts and their effect may be excitatory or inhibitory depending upon their concentration and the physiological state of the responding tissue. Hence, Regulation of cellular activities and influencing growth, Regulation of intermediary metabolism and Maintenance of homoeostasis are the functions hormones perform in our body. 
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Deficiency of hormones is caused to due to

biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Hyposecretion

  2. Hyperscretion

  3. Sweating

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  •  Hyposecretion- too little of any hormone in the body can be caused by a large pituitary tumour, which interferes with the pituitary gland's ability to produce hormones. Hence, Deficiency of hormones is caused to due to Hyposecretion.
So, the correct answer is 'Hyposecretion'.

Which of the following is known as chemical messenger?

biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Hormone

  2. Enzyme

  3. Colostrum

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A. Hormones are the chemical substances that are secreted in the body by the endocrine glands. They are known as body's chemical messengers.
B. Enzymes are colloidal macromolecules that are water soluble and partially or wholly proteinaceous in nature.
C. Colostrum is a form of milk produced from mammary glands in mammals.
So, the correct answer is 'Hormone'.

Enzymes, vitamins and hormones are common in

biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Being proteinaceous

  2. Being synthesised in the body organisms

  3. Enhancing oxidative metabolism

  4. Regulating metabolism

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Feedback inhibition is the process by where the end product terminates the reaction. The accumulation of the end product interferes with the enzymatic activity by changing the shape of its active site. Enzymes and hormones regulate the metabolism by feedback inhibition.
Enzymes are protein in nature and catalyzes the biological reaction without being used up in the chemical reaction. They regulate the chemical reaction by feedback inhibition. 
Hormones are the chemical messenger which activates the effector gland and regulate the metabolism by feedback inhibition.
Vitamins acts as a coenzymes which regulates the enzymatic activity and further regulate the metabolism.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the statements given below are correct 
I) Hormones are non-nutrient chemical 
II) Hormones act as intracellular chemicals
III) Hormones are produced in moderate quantity
IV) Hormones may be proteins, steroids , glycoproteins or biogenic amines

biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. I and II

  2. II and III

  3. III and IV

  4. I and IV

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Correct Option: A

Hormones are non-nutrients chemicals which act as .............. messengers and are produced in ........... amount.

biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Intracellular, large

  2. Intercellular, large

  3. Intracellular, small

  4. Intercellular, trace

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amount. They are released from the ductless glands called as endocrine glands. They affect the activity of another part of the body called as target site. They are not stored in the body.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Intercellular, trace.'

Read the given paragraph and select the option that correctly fills the blanks in it.
Hormones produce their effect on target tissue by binding to specific ______A called hormone receptors located in the target tissues only. Water soluble hormones usually need ___B receptor that generate ___C messengers for regulating cellular metabolism. ____D soluble hormones can pass through cell membrane and bind to ______E receptors, mostly nuclear receptors. The hormone receptors complex enter the nucleus and mostly regulate gene expression or chromosome function by interaction of hormone-receptor complex with the genome.

biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. A-proteins, B-membrane bound, C- second, D- lipid, E-intracellular

  2. A-lipids, B-membrane bound, C-second, D-water, E-intracellular

  3. A-proteins, B-intracellular, C-second, D-lipid, E-extra cellular

  4. A-proteins, B-membrane bound, C-primary, D-lipid, E-intracellular

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Hormones produce their effect on target tissue by binding to specific proteins called hormone receptors located in the target tissues only. Water soluble hormones usually need membrane-bound receptors that generate second messengers for regulating cellular metabolism. Lipid soluble hormones can pass through the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors, mostly nuclear receptors. The hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus and mostly regulate gene expression or chromosome function by an interaction of the hormone-receptor complex with the genome.
Thus, the correct answer is 'A-proteins, B-membrane bound, C- second, D- lipid, E-intracellular.'

One of the following hormone is different from the other three regarding their solubility.

biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

  1. Epinephrine

  2. Aldosterone

  3. Steroid hormones

  4. Iodothyronines

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hormones can be classified based on their solubility into hydrophilic and lipophilic hormones. Hydrophilic hormones are soluble in water. They are mostly amino-based proteins. Examples include epinephrine, norepinephrine, insulin. Lipophilic hormones are soluble in lipids. They are steroids and thyroxine. Examples includes aldosterone, steroid hormones, iodothyronines.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Epinephrine.'