Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

Select the true statements out of the following.

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. The lichens are curious because they are composite or dual organism.

  2. The apothecium consists of the fungal component only (e.g. Cladonia), such apothecia are called lecideine type.

  3.  Parmelia, Physica, Lecanora etc. have more highly developed apothecia called Lecanorine type in which both fungal and algal components are present.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lichens are a small group of curious plants, they are curious because they are the composite or dual organism. They are the association between fungi and green algae or blue-green bacteria.

Apothecium is round and cup-shaped structure. If the apothecium consists only the fungal component, it is known as lecideine type (e.g., Lecidea, Cladonia, Gyrophora) and if it consists bath algal and fungal components it is known as lecanorine type (e.g., Lecanora, Parmelia).
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

In lichens, medulla has

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Endodermis

  2. Hadrome

  3. Hypodermis

  4. Piliferous layer

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Mosses are flowerless plants that grows as dense green tufts or mats in damp and shady locations. Lichens on the other hand though, they appear similar to mosses, are not related to these are are a composite organism of algae, cyanobacteria and living in a symbiotic relationship in a fungus. The medulla which is found below the cortex in lichens and is made up of loosely woven layer of fungal filaments. Hadrome refers  to collection of hydroids or vascular tissue that occur in some bryophytes or mosses and help in transporting water and minerals drawn from the soil.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

During unfavourable conditions slime molds form spores which are survival for a long time, spore dispersal take place by

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Water currents

  2. Air currents

  3. Insects

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Slime moulds are Saprophytic Protists.
  • They move along decaying twigs and leaves engulfing organic material. 
  • Under a suitable condition, they form aggregation called Plasmodium.
  • During unfavourable condition, the plasmodium differentiates and form fruiting bodies bearing spores at their tips.
  • The spores possess true walls.
  • They are extremely resistant and survive for many years even under adverse conditions. 
  • The spores are dispersed by air currents.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Air currents'.

A teacher explaining physical contact leading to equal physiological dependence between two thalloid forms was telling about

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Mycorrhizal association

  2. Establishment of heterothallism

  3. Operation of heterothallism

  4. Advent of lichen formation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lichens are formed by the physical association between fungal partner and the algal partner. The fungal partner acts as a mycobiont and algal partner acts as a phycobiont. In lichens, fungus grow around algae and provide bulk for their growth. The algae and fungus association is must for lichens to reproduce. So, they are physically dependent on each other. Here, both fungus and algae are in their thalloid forms.

So, option D is the correct answer.

G. hirsutum is

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

  1. New World Tetraploid

  2. Old World Tetraploid

  3. New World Diploid

  4. Old World Diploid

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Correct Option: A

The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

  1. Drought resistance

  2. Insect resistance

  3. Enhancing shelf life

  4. Enhancing mineral content

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Bt brinjal is a suite of transgenic brinjals created by inserting a crystal protein gene (Cry1Ac) from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis into the genome of various brinjal cultivars. The insertion of the gene, along with other genetic elements, such as promoters, terminators and an antibiotic resistance marker gene into the brinjal plant is accomplished using Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. 

The Bt brinjal has been developed to give resistance against lepidopteron insects, in particular the brinjal fruit. 

What is the genomic constitution of old world varieties of cotton (Gossypium arboreum, G. herbaceum) and new world varieties (G. hirsutum, G. barbedens) ______________.

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

  1. All diploids

  2. All triploids

  3. Old world 3n and new world 2n

  4. Old world 2n and new world 4n

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

(d) Gossypium arboreum, G. herbaceous - old world
species - 2n = 26 Diploid Gossypium hirsutum, G.
barbedens- new world species - 2n = 52 tetraploid.

Triticum monococcum is

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

  1. Diploid

  2. Triploid

  3. Tetraploid

  4. Hexaploid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Triticum monococcum is a diploid wheat variety with 14 (2n) chromosomes. It is also called Einkorn wheat and it is the most ancient species of wheat.

So the correct option is A.

Man-made cereal is

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

  1. Triticum

  2. Hordeum

  3. Triticale

  4. Eleusine

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
1) Triticum: Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus Triticum; the most widely grown is common wheat.
2) Hordeum is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family
3) Triticale is a crop species resulting from a plant breeder's cross between wheat (Triticum) and rye (Secale). The name triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart.) combines the scientific names of the two genera involved.
4) Eleusine is a genus of Asian, African, and South American plants in the grass family, sometimes called by the common name goosegrass.

So, the correct answer is 'Triticale'.

The egg secretes pherohormone in ____________.

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

  1. Chara

  2. Chlamydomonas

  3. Fucus

  4. Polysiphonia

Show answer
Correct Option: A