Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

Which of the following are functions of phycobiont in a lichen?

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Synthesis of organic food

  2. Nitrogen fixation

  3. Mineral absorbtion

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

a) The phycobiont part of lichen is the autotrophic part which constitutes algae. The function of autotrophic algae is to provide nutrition. It synthesizes organic food by the process of photosynthesis.
b) If the algal component is blue-green algae, then apart from photosynthesis phycobionts also carry out nitrogen fixation. Nostoc, blue-green algae consist of heterocysts that have the enzyme nitrogenase. Nitrogenase converts atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form of nitrogen.

c) Mineral absorption is done by fungal mycelium.
So the correct answer is ' Synthesis of organic food and NItrogen fixation'.

The component of a lichen may belong to which of the following kingdom/s?

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Plantae

  2. Monera

  3. Fungi

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • The components of lichen include fungi and algae.
  • Algae may be cyanobacteria or green algae.
  • Cyanobacteria belong to the kingdom monera as they are prokaryotic organisms.
  • Green algae belong to Thallophyta of kingdom Plantae.
  • Fungi belong to kingdom fungi.
  • So the correct answer is " Any of the above".

Lichens are best indicators of

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Water pollution

  2. Soil pollution

  3. Air pollution

  4. Noise pollution

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Lichens are used as the indicators of air pollution. These structures grow on tree bark and rocks. Air pollutants which are in the gaseous forms get dissolved in the rainwater, especially SO$ _2$ (sulphur dioxide) can damage lichens, and check them from growing. In places where lichens are not growing, it indicates that the air is heavily polluted with sulphur dioxide and other pollutants. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Reindeer moss is a lichen named _______.

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Rocella

  2. Usnea

  3. Parmelia

  4. Cladonia

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Correct Option: D

Function of fungal part of a lichen is

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Absorption of minerals

  2. Providing food for lichen

  3. Protection

  4. Both A and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • The function of fungal part of a lichen is the absorption of water and minerals from the substratum and providing protection for the phycobiont.
  • Food production is done by phycobiont.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Absorption of minerals and Protection'.

Which of the following statement holds good with the term lichen?

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Lichens are small flowerless plants that typically grow in dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations

  2. They are multi cellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophs

  3. A composite organism made up of a fungus, that grows symbiotically with an algae or a cyanobacterium

  4. Lichens contains only unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Mosses are small flowerless plants that typically grow in dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations.
  • Lichens are multicellular, eukaryotic but they have symbiosis as their mode of nutrition where algal component provides nutrition and fungal component helps in mineral absorption and protection.
  • Lichens contain unicellular cyanobacteria if the algal component contains cyanobacteria but all cells are not unicellular as fungal myceliae are multicellular.
  • So the correct answer is 'A composite organism made up of a fungus, that grows symbiotically with an algae or a cyanobacterium.'

Which of the following pairs include photosynthetic and saprophytic organisms respectively?

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Monocot and dicot

  2. Algae and fungi

  3. Mosses and ferns

  4. Ferns and gymnosperms

  5. Gymnosperms and angiosperms

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Correct Option: B

Association between mycobiont and phycobiont are found in

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Mycorrhiza

  2. Root

  3. Lichens

  4. BGA

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A relationship among mycobiont and phycobiont is found in lichen.
So, the correct option is 'lichens'.

Lichen is an example of ___________.

botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Commensalism

  2. Mutualism

  3. Parasitism

  4. Mycorrhizal association

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lichens are not a single organism, but, rather, an example of a mutualism in which a fungus usually a member of the Ascomycota or Basidiomycota phyla lives in close contact with a photosynthetic organism 

Cause of chromosome laggards in meiosis is?

botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

  1. Inversion

  2. Dicentric chromosome

  3. Acentric chromosome

  4. Duplication of a gene

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A laggard is defined as a chromosome that does not overlap along the long axis of the spindle with any of the properly segregating chromosomes. A dicentric chromosome is an abnormal chromosome with two centromeres. It is formed through the fusion of two chromosome segments, each with a centromere, resulting in the loss of acentric fragments (lacking a centromere) and the formation of dicentric fragments.

So, the correct answer is 'Dicentric chromosome'.