Tag: applications of biotechnology

Questions Related to applications of biotechnology

All of the followings are associated with replacement principle of animal biotechnology except

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Cell culture

  2. Computer models

  3. Epidemiological studies

  4. Improving experimental technique

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Correct Option: D

First transgenic mouse grew twice the normal size after drinking -------- containing water.

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Cu

  2. Fe

  3. Zn

  4. Ra

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

When the transgenic mice were a few weeks old, they were given drinking water containing zinc. Mice carrying the transgene grew to twice the size of their litter mates because the metallothionein enhancer sequence stimulated by zinc had increased growth hormone production.

More than $95\%$ of transgenic animals are.

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Rabbits

  2. Mice

  3. Fish

  4. Cows

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Correct Option: B

The Transgenic animals are generally produced for all of the following needs EXCEPT.

zoology biotechnology and its applications transgenic animals transgenic organisms applications of biotechnology

  1. Testing of chemical safety

  2. Testing of vaccine safety

  3. Stimulation of pathogenicity

  4. Production of pharmacologically important proteins

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Correct Option: C

Enzyme' Taq polymerase' used in PCR, has been isolated from bacterium _________________.

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens

  2. Thermus aquaticus

  3. Streptomyces albus

  4. Escherichia coli

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The final step of PCR is the extension, wherein Taq DNA polymerase is isolated from a thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

The polymerase chain reaction is a technique used for ____________.

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Amplification of DNA

  2. Amplification of enzymes

  3. Amplification of proteins

  4. All of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Polymerase chain reaction is a technique used for amplification of DNA fragments. Its amplification cycle involve three steps - denaturation, annealing and polymerisation which are repeated for 'n', cycles.

Which of the following statements are correct for the enzyme Taq polymerase?


(i) It remains active during the high temperature-induced denaturation of dsDNA.

(ii) It requires primers for carrying out the process of polymerisation.
(iii) It synthesizes the RNA region between the primers, using $dNTPs$ and $Mg^{2+}$ _______________.

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The final step of PCR is the extension, wherein Taq DNA polymerase (isolated from a thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus) synthesizes the DNA region between the primers, using dNTPs (deoxynucleoside triphosphates) and $Mg^{2+}$. The primers are extended towards each other so that the DNA segment lying between the two primers is copied. The optimum temperature for this polymerisation step is $72^o$$C$. Taq polymerase remains active during high temperature-induced denaturation of double-stranded DNA.

Process used for amplification or multiplication of DNA in DNA fingerprinting is

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Polymerase chain reaction

  2. Southern blotting

  3. Northern blotting

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Process used for amplification or multiplication of DNA in DNA fingerprinting is Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) .It is done in invitro system.

So, the correct option is 'Option A' . 

Primers are

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA

  2. Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are not complementary to the regions of DNA

  3. Chemically synthesised, autonomously replicating circular DNA molecules

  4. Specific sequences present on recombinant DNA

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Primers are small, chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the sequences, present at 3' end of the template DNA. They hybridise to the target DNA region, one to each strand of the double helix. These primers are oriented with their ends facing each other allowing synthesis of the DNA towards one another.
So, the correct answer is 'Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA'.

Given table gives an account of differences between PCR and gene cloning. Which of the, following points shows the incorrect difference?

  Parameter PCR Gene cloning
1 Efficient More Less
2 Apparatus Requirement DNA Restriction enzyme, ligase, vector, bacterial cell
3 Manipulation In vitro In vitro and in vivo
4 Cost More Less
5 Automation Yes No
6 Error probability Less More
7 Time for a typical experiment 2-4 days 4 hours
8 Application More Less


bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. 1 and 3

  2. 4 and 6

  3. 4 and 7

  4. 4, 7 and 8

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The cost of gene cloning is far more than PCR because gene cloning requires many intricate steps. PCR takes less than 4 hours while gene cloning can take days.