Tag: applications of biotechnology

Questions Related to applications of biotechnology

Which one of the following palindromic base sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. $5$' ______ GAATTC _____$3$

    $3$' _    ___ CTTAAG __________$5$'

  2. $5$' _______CACGTA ______ $3$'

    $3$'________ CTCAGT ________ $5$'

  3. $5$' ________ CGTTCG ________ $3$'

    $3$' ______ATGGTA ______$5$'

  4. $5$' _________ GATATG ______$3$'

    $3$'    __CTACTA _____$5$'

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Correct Option: A

The polymerase chain reaction is a technique used for?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Amplification of DNA

  2. Amplification of enzymes

  3. Amplification of proteins

  4. All of these

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following technique is employed to check the progression of a restriction enzyme digestion?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. PCR

  2. Bioreactor

  3. Gel electrophoresis

  4. Micro injection

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Answer is option C i.e. "Gel electrophoresis"
Gel electrophoresis is the technique which can check DNA fragment progression. Restriction enzyme digest DNA into fragments. Each fragment has different size. When gel electrophoresis is performed each fragment with different sizes are separated on the gel.
While, PCR is used for DNA amplification. Bioreactors are the fermentors used for fermentation process and micro-injection is a method used to transfer genes between animals.

Which of the following is not required in PCR?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. DNA primer

  2. DNA template

  3. RNA primer

  4. Taq polymerase

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

DNA primer is not required for a PCR reaction. 

The reason for RNA primers to be used in PCR is the non availability of DNA primers. The RNA primers complimentary to the cellular DNA are easily synthesized by the DNA Primase enzyme which is nothing but RNA polymerase just like mRNA.

The areas of application of PCR include:


A. Production of monoclonal antibodies.
B. Insertion of recombinant DNA into an organism.
C. Diagnosis of a specific mutation.
D. Detection of plant pathogens.

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. A B

  2. B, C

  3. C, D

  4. A, B, C, D

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Answer is option C i.e. "C, D"

PCR is used for diagnosis of diseases in animals and plants, it is also used to identify mutations in DNA. Major applications of PCR are:
(1) Clinical Diagnosis
(2) DNA Sequencing
(3)  Gene Manipulation and Expression Studies
(4) Forensic Medicine and (5) Gene Cloning.

While, Production of monoclonal antibodies is done by Hybridoma technology and insertion of recombinant DNA into organisms is done by transformation or transduction.

Which of the following are all Nucleotides?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Adenosine, Cytidylic acid, Cytosine

  2. Adenylic acid, Cytidylic acid, Guanylic acid

  3. Cytidine, Adenine, Adenylic acid

  4. Uracil, Thymidine, Thymidylic acid

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Nucleotides are compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. For example, Adenylic acid, Guanylic acid, Thymidylic acid, and Cytidilic acid and 5'uridylic acid.
  • Hence Adenylic acid, Cytidilic acid, Guanylic acid are all Nucleotides.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Adenylic acid, Cytidilic acid, Guanylic acid'.

Kary B Mullis got Nobel prize for discovering 

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. DNA polymerase enzyme

  2. Polymerase chain reaction

  3. Restriction endonucleases

  4. Western blotting

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

DNA polymerase enzyme synthesizes DNA strands by adding deoxyribonucleotides to 3' end of the primer via phosphodiester bonds; it uses parental DNA as a template. Kary Mullis got Nobel prize, in 1993 in chemistry, for the invention of polymerase chain reaction (PCR).  PCR - technique amplify the gene of interest.

One of the major advantages of transforming bacteria with a plasmid that contains DNA of interest is to amplify the DNA.
What other laboratory technique can be used to achieve the same result?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Polymerase chain reaction

  2. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis

  3. DNA hybridization

  4. Gel electrophoresis

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Polymerase chain reaction is a method of amplifying a specific segment of DNA by making multiple copies of it, using primers and DNA polymerase

So, the correct answer is 'Polymerase chain reaction'

Who developed polymerase chain reaction technique and got Nobel Prize

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Muller

  2. Mullis

  3. Wilson

  4. Nirenberg

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Correct Option: B

Polymerase chain reaction is used for

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. In vivo replication

  2. In vivo synthesis of mRNA

  3. In vitro replication of DNA segment

  4. In vitro synthesis of mRNA

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Correct Option: C