Tag: the life cycle of plants

Simple fruits are from a single flower with one pistil. Aggregate fruits are from a single flower with many pistils. Multiple fruits are from many florets. In the inflorescence, fruitlets fuse together into one, bigger fleshy fruit.

Parthenocarpic fruit matures to be fleshy without the ovules ripening into seeds. The process of producing fruits without the fertilization of any seeds, which makes them seedless, is termed parthenocarpy. Thus answer is Parthenocarpic.

The correct option is D.   

A) Apogamy- In this process, a haploid cell of female gametophyte (except egg cell) is responsible to form diploid embryo without fertilization.

• Parthenogenesis refers to the development of an organism without fertilisation.
• In honeybee, males develop from unfertilized eggs while females are the result of fertilisation.

The stimulus which are used to induce artificial parthenogenesis are chemicals like salts, weak acids, organic solvents, (chloroform) urea, sucrose, strychnine and physical stimuli like temperature, electric shock or mere shaking, a needle smeared with blood (egg of frog) and saline solution (egg of sea urchin).

Parthenogenesis is the production of an embryo from a female gamete without any genetic contribution from a male gamete, with or without the eventual development into an adult. It corresponds to endomixis since the nuclear reorganization leads to the formation of macronucleus which also results in rejuvenation of the organism.

Parthenocarpic fruits are fruits produced naturally without the fertilisation of the ovule. Seedless banana are an example of naturally occuring parthenocarpic fruit. So, the correct option is 'Parthenocarpic fruit'.

Parthenogenesis is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryo occur without fertilisation. The offspring arise from a single organism and inherits the genes of that parent only, it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.

Parthenogenesis is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryo occur without fertilisation. It can occur without meiosis  i.e., division to form haploid cells. Mature egg cells are formed by the mitotic division of ovary or somatic cells and these cells directly develop into embryos. In flowering plants, cells of gametophyte can undergo this process. The seeds thus formed are viable and produce exact replica or clone of their mother.

The type of parthenogenesis in which females are produced from unfertilized eggs is known as thelytoky. The daughter cells produced are diploid in nature. It mainly occurs in aphids. It is mainly of two types, apomictic and automictic.