Tag: the life cycle of plants

Questions Related to the life cycle of plants

Parthenogenesis is

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Formation of egg without fertilization

  2. Formation of synergids without fertilization

  3. Formation of fruit without fertilization

  4. Formation of fruit without pollination

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Correct Option: C

The term parthenogenesis was introduced by

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Charles Bonnet

  2. Karl von Baer

  3. Spallanzani

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Charles Bonnet was first to introduce the term parthenogenesis. He studied the process of parthenogenesis in aphids. He kept the female aphids unfertilized in isolation and observed the development of the viable embryo from the unfertilized female eggs. 

Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg or if a spermatozoa does penetrate the egg, there is no union of male and female pronuclei.
So, the correct answer is option A.

Development of seedless fruit in an unfertilized flower is called

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Parthenocarpy

  2. Sporophytic budding

  3. Polyembryony

  4. Micropropagation

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

After pollination and fertilization, plants produce seed and fruits. The process of formation of fruit without fertilization is called as parthenocarpy.

So the correct option is 'Parthenocarpy'.

A dandelion produces seeds without meiosis or fertilisation. The adult sporophyte forms diploid, rather than haploid, megaspores that develop into ovules containing diploid, rather than haploid nuclei. One of the nuclei in each ovule becomes an egg and develops directly, without fertilisation, into an embryo that is genetically identical to its parent. This type of reproduction is called ____________________.

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Parthenogenesis, which is a form of apomixis

  2. Parthenogenesis, which is a form of amphimixis

  3. Adventive embryony, which is a form of apomixis

  4. Agamosphermy, which is a form of amphimixis

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Apomixis (Gk. apo-without, mixis-mixing) is a mode of reproduction which does not involve the formation of zygote through gametic fusion. Apomixis is thus asexual reproduction. Parthenogenesis (Gk. parthenos - virgin, genesis - produce) refers to the development of an egg/ovum into a complete individual without fertilisation.

Nuclear embryos found in citrus sp. Are.

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Parthenogenesis

  2. Aposporous

  3. Apogamous

  4. Adventives

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Correct Option: A

Lectin of pollen is involved in _____________.

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Parthenogenesis

  2. Pollen sterility

  3. Pollen allergy

  4. Self-incompatibility

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given the lists.

List-I(Meaning) List-II(Phenomenon)
a. Embryos arise directly from diploid saprophytic cells(nucleus or integuments) $1$. Parthenogenesis
b. An arcbesporium differentiates but the megaspore mother cell develops into an unreduced embryo sac $2$. Polyeznbryony
c. Many embryos arising in one ovule $3$. Adventives embryonic
d. The development of embryo from unfertilized egg $4$. Delusory
zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. A-$1$, B-$2$, C-$3$, D-$4$

  2. A-$3$, B-$4$, C-$2$, D-$1$

  3. A-$3$, B-$2$, C-$4$, D-$1$

  4. A-$3$, B-$1$, C-$4$, D-$2$

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Correct Option: A

Development of new individual from female gamete without fertilisation is termed as

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Syngamy

  2. Embryogenesis

  3. Oogamy

  4. Parthenogenesis

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Development of an egg (ovum) into a complete individual without fertilisation is known as parthenogenesis. It is observed in many invertebrates (rotifers, arthropods), insects (bees, wasps) and some birds, etc.

So, the correct answer is 'Parthenogenesis'.

Parthenogenesis is the development of a female egg into a new individual without the contribution of a male set of chromosomes.
In a hypothetical pond, two populations of fish are found; one reproduces through sexual reproduction, the other through parthenogenesis. Initially, the parthenogenetic fish are a larger population when the pond is first studied. However, researchers soon observe that the parthenogenetic fish are more frequent hosts for a new blood-borne parasite than the sexually reproducing fish. As a result, the sexually reproducing population increases and the parthenogenetic population decreases.
Which of the following best explains the reason for the shift in population numbers?

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation. Some individuals in the sexually reproducing population will be adapted to a change in environment, in this case, the addition of a new parasite. These individuals will survive and reproduce at a higher rate than those affected by the parasite.

  2. The asexual fish are more susceptible to the parasites because they are an all female population, and typically less aggressive. The sexually reproducing population is protected by aggressive adult males fighting off the invading parasites.

  3. The asexually reproducing fish are intentionally reducing their population density as a mechanism to slow the spread of the parasite.

  4. The sexually reproducing population can reproduce faster than the parthenogenesis population, allowing them to produce so much offspring that not all can be affected by the new parasite.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Parthenogenetic fish are produced by asexual reproduction. Hence, genetic variation does not takes place in them. Whereas fishes that are produced sexually increases genetic variation. Due to genetic variation, this population can adapt to changing environment. When the pond is infected by blood-borne parasite, parthenogenetic fish could not adapt to this changed environment. However, fishes produced sexually will adapt to it. Due to genetic variation, it will survive and reproduce at a higher rate.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation. Some individuals in the sexually reproducing population will be adapted to a change in environment, in this case, the addition of a new parasite. These individuals will survive and reproduce at a higher rate than those affected by the parasite.'

Choose odd one with respect to parthenocarpic fruit

zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

  1. Mango

  2. Banana

  3. Oranges

  4. Grapes

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Parthenocarpic fruits refer to seedless fruits that are formed asexually without fertilization of the ovules. Banana, grape, and orange are included under parthenocarpy, and they occur naturally. Mango can also be included under parthenocarpic fruit as some new varieties of seedless mango are also produced. Mango is also cultivated sexually through seeds.

So, the correct answer is 'Mango'.